The content of intramuscular fat (IMF) is an important factor affecting meat quality. Different from livestock with the marbling, the chicken IMF is not visible, and severely limits the research on the regulation of IMF deposition. The innovation on the acquisition of intramuscular pre-adipocyte and the co-culture system of intramuscular pre-adipocyte and muscle satellite cell, has been performed in pre-project. a negative correlation between the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2, secreted by myocyte) and the IMF deposition was found in cell co-cultured system. It was deduced that TIMP2, as the key enzyme in maintaining the stable intracellular environment in normal tissue, might had the important role in regulating the IMF deposition. Therefore, the negative regulation of TIMP2 form myocytes to IMF deposition would been validated in cells by using the co-culture system. And then, their quantitative relationship would been determined in living body by using our special poultry resources group with high IMF. By screening and identified the effect factors, signaling pathway and functional genes, the molecular mechanism of TIMP2 from myocytes on regulating the IMF deposition of chicken will been clarified in the cell and living levels, and the interacting relationship between the development of muscle cell and the IMF deposition in the muscle-fat regulating axis would been revealed. The implementation of this project will provide the theoretical foundation for fostering superior quality chicken.
肌内脂肪(IMF)含量是影响肉品质的重要因素之一。不同于家畜的大理石花纹,家禽肌内脂肪分布不均且肉眼不可见的生理特点限制了IMF沉积调控的研究。本项目前期创新了鸡肌内前脂肪细胞获得及其与肌细胞共培养的方法,并发现共培养时肌细胞分泌的TIMP2蛋白与脂细胞IMF沉积存在负相关。该蛋白是维持正常组织中细胞内环境稳定的关键酶之一,推测TIMP2可能在肌细胞调控IMF沉积过程中起重要作用。鉴于此,本项目利用肌内前脂肪细胞/肌细胞共培养体系,在细胞水平证实肌细胞分泌的TIMP2与IMF沉积具有负调控作用;进而利用特有的肉鸡资源群体-IMF上选系,在活体水平确定二者的量化相关关系;通过筛选鉴定介导TIMP2生物学效应的效应因子、信号通路和功能基因等,在细胞和活体水平阐明鸡肌细胞源TIMP2调控IMF沉积的分子机理,揭示肌肉-脂肪调节轴中肌细胞发育与IMF沉积的互作关系,为培育优质鸡新品种提供理论支撑。
肌内脂肪(IMF)含量是鸡肉品质最重要的评价指标,与嫩度和风味呈正相关。鸡体内IMF的沉积受遗传、营养和环境因素的调控。研究表明,骨骼肌活动与脂肪组织代谢之间存在直接关系。骨骼肌是动物身体的重要组成部分。骨骼肌卫星细胞(MSC)是位于骨骼肌周围基板下和肌纤维质膜外的成肌干细胞。它们在骨骼肌的后续生长和再生中起着重要的作用。MSC与肌内脂肪细胞的相互作用是一个热门的科学课题。本项目的数据显示,共培养体系的培养基中组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂2 (TIMP2)的蛋白表达明显增加,共培养的肌内脂肪细胞中脂滴含量更多。基于此,利用特有的肉鸡资源群体-IMF上选系,在活体水平确定二者的量化相关关系,结果表明,肌内脂肪含量高的个体肌肉组织中TIMP2表达显著上调(P<0.01)。加权基因共表达网络分析显示,TIMP2主要参与细胞外基质受体相互作用信号通路,其表达与甘油三酯、肌内脂肪、C14:0、C14:1、C16:0、C16:1、C18:1n9C水平显著相关。此外,TIMP2与脂质代谢相关的多种代表性基因(如ADIPOQ、SCD、ELOVL5、ELOVL7、LPL)以及细胞外基质受体相互作用的某些基因(如COL1A2、COL4A2、COL5A1、COL6A1、COL6A3)共表达,这些基因在肌内脂肪含量高的个体肌肉组织中也显著上调(P<0.05或P<0.01)。我们的研究结果表明,TIMP2通过细胞外基质受体相互作用信号通路促进肌肉组织内脂肪沉积。PLCD1对LA的调控与TIMP2对IMF的调控的中介相似。此外,还鉴定出来己醛和1-辛烯-3-醇是中国优质肉鸡中的主要挥发性香味物质。本项目的研究结果和进展,为鸡脂质沉积的分子机制、肌内脂肪细胞与肌肉卫星细胞的相互作用提供了新的研究思路,将为今后禽肉的高品质生产提供理论依据,有助于深入了解肌肉和脂肪之间的相互作用。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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