近海海域沉积物重金属污染的酶监测研究

Effect of heavy metal pollution in marine environment is a topic of growing environmental concern.In the present study we investigated the relationship between enzyme activities and heavy metal total concentration, state. We also assessed the apparent effect and the influence mechanism of heavy metal on ennzyme of sediments from seawater pond culture area, beach culture zone and sewage outfall. This study aimed to (i) clarify the correlation between sediment quality and heavy metal concentrations, enzyme activities, and decide the sensitive enzyme monitoring the pollution condition of sediments, and (ii) structure the enzyme variation information system on the basis of peculiar reletionship between heavy metals and enzyme activities and (iii) investigation the possibility and significance of monitoring the heavy metal pollution history by enzyme activities, (iv) and imitate additive, synergistic or antagonistic effect among heavy metals which influence the level of soil enzyme, discuss the effect of heavy metal combined pollution on kinetics features, and (v) establish rapid methodology for indicating soil quality and health in environmental soil by using their high sensitivity to heavy metal pollution of soil enzyme activities.

海洋环境中重金属污染是人类所面临的重大生态环境问题，已引起全世界人们的关注。从近海海域环境中沉积物重金属污染物总量和状态与生物酶活性的相关关系着手，研究海水池塘养殖区、滩涂养殖区、排污入海口等沉积环境中重金属对酶的表观效应和对酶促反应过程的影响机理。阐明污染物浓度、沉积物的理化性质及酶活性三者之间的关系，确定能够监测沉积物重金属污染程度的敏感沉积物酶，并根据重金属和酶的特异性关系，构建近海海洋沉积物酶变异信息系统；探讨利用酶活性监测沉积物中重金属污染历史的可能和意义；模拟沉积物中影响酶活性水平的各种重金属之间的相加、协同或拮抗效应，讨论重金属复合污染对敏感沉积物酶动力学特征的影响；建立近海海域沉积物中酶活性监测重金属污染的评价体系。

海洋环境中重金属污染是人类所面临的重大生态环境问题，已引起全世界人们的关注。本项目从近海海域环境中沉积物重金属污染物总量和赋存形态含量与生物酶活性的相关关系着手，研究了海水池塘养殖区、近海不同用海区等沉积环境中重金属对酶的表观效应和对酶促反应过程的影响机理。阐明了污染物浓度与酶活性之间的关系，确定了能够监测沉积物重金属污染程度的敏感沉积物酶，并根据重金属和酶的特异性关系，初步构建了近海海洋沉积物酶变异信息系统；探讨了利用酶活性监测沉积物中重金属污染历史的可能和意义；实验室内模拟了沉积物中重金属复合污染对敏感沉积物酶活性及动力学特征的影响；建立了近海海域沉积物中酶活性监测重金属污染的评价体系。本项目已发表论文9篇，其中SCI论文4篇，接受待发表论文1篇，授权新型专利一项，另有成果在整理过程中；参加国内学术会议一次，资助出国访问一次。圆满完成各项研究任务。