山羊绒毛高硫蛋白基因家族表达特征的研究

High sulfur protein is a member of the keratin gene family and exclusively expressed in hair and hair follicle. In hair growth, as the follicle bulb cells rapidly differentiate into either cortical or cuticle hair keratinocytes, about 100 keratin genes are transcriptionally activated. However, this complexity can be reduced to several, highly conserved gene families. In studying the regulation of keratin gene expression in the hair follicle we have isolated genes from most of these families and have examined their expression patterns by RNA-Seq of primary and secondary hair follicle sampled from goat skin. In the hair follicles striking patterns of keratin gene expression exist, suggesting that different transcriptional hierarchies operate in the various cell types. Comparisons of the keratin gene cysteine content indicates conserved high sulfur gene family that could be involved in quality of two type hair fibers. The different expression pattern of goat hair follicle high-sulfur keratin genes in cashmere goats suggests that the regulatory DNA elements and proteins of hair keratin genes are functionally important.L-cysteine is currently recognized as a conditionally essential sulphur amino acid. Besides contributing to many biological pathways, cysteine is a key component of the keratin protein by its ability to form disulfide bridges that confer strength and rigidity to the protein. Cysteine represents one critical factor in regulating keratins expression in epidermal tissues, as well as in hair follicle growth and maturation. By focusing on goat high sulfur genes, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cysteine on keratin biosynthesis, as well as to get an insight on the interplay of cysteine availability and high sulfur protein status in regulating cashmere and guard hair fiber quality. In the study, we will describe the method of transcriptomeand proteinome based LC-MS/MS and NGS techniques. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first study in blood-skin-hairfollicle-hair model providing evidence that metabolite including cysteine and melatonin cooperate for high sulfur keratins expression, indicative of high sulfur protein central role in maintaining cashmere quality...

高硫蛋白是一种特异表达于毛干和毛囊中的蛋白家族。在绒毛生长过程中，毛球细胞迅速分化成鳞片和皮质细胞，其中约有100个角蛋白基因高表达。我们在研究毛囊角蛋白表达调控时，应用RNA－Seq比较该基因家族在绒山羊初级和次级毛囊中的表达特征。结果表明不同类型毛囊细胞的表达体系明显不同。其中毛囊角蛋白半胱氨酸含量的差别反映出高硫蛋白基因家族与绒毛品质的相关性及调节元件的功能重要性。半胱氨酸参与毛纤维角蛋白二硫键形成等关键的生物学过程，且在皮肤角蛋白和毛囊生长与成熟中发挥关键作用。关注山羊高硫蛋白基因表达，可评估半胱氨酸在角蛋白生物合成中的作用及高硫蛋白在影响山羊绒毛品质上的作用。本研究将结合质谱和测序技术集中采用代谢组、转录组和蛋白组方法研究高硫蛋白的功能。这是首次同时从血液－皮肤－毛囊－毛干等方面研究半胱氨酸、褪黑素和高硫蛋白的互作及其对山羊绒品质的影响，具有重要的理论价值和实际意义。

高硫蛋白是一种特异表达于毛干和毛囊中的蛋白家族。在绒毛生长过程中，毛球细胞迅速.分化成鳞片和皮质细胞，其中约有100个角蛋白基因高表达。我们在研究毛囊角蛋白表达调控时，应用RNA－Seq比较该基因家族在绒山羊初级和次级毛囊中的表达特征。结果表明不同类型毛囊细胞的表达体系明显不同。其中毛囊角蛋白半胱氨酸含量的差别反映出高硫蛋白基因家族与绒毛品质的相关性及调节元件的功能重要性。半胱氨酸参与毛纤维角蛋白二硫键形成等关键的生物学过程，且在皮肤角蛋白和毛囊生长与成熟中发挥关键作用。关注山羊高硫蛋白基因表达，可评估半胱氨酸在角蛋白生物合成中的作用及高硫蛋白在影响山羊绒毛品质上的作用。本研究将结合质谱和测序技术集中采用代谢组、转录组和蛋白组方法研究高硫蛋白的功能。这是首次同时从血液－皮肤－毛囊－毛干等方面研究半胱氨酸、褪黑素和高硫蛋白的互作及其对山羊绒品质的影响，具有重要的理论价值和实际意义。