基于机械化学反应的植物有效成分选择性提取及其机理研究

In order to solve the problems of traditional extraction method with low extraction yield and low active ingredient purity, selective extraction of active ingredients from plants based on mechanochemical reaction and its mechanism were studied. The mechanochemical reaction between plant material and specific chemical additive were conducted under the high energy ball-milling condition. The products were obtained after separation, dissociation and purification. The influence of mechanochemical reaction conditions (intensity of mechanical force, milling time and system temperature), the type of material and active ingredient, the amount and type of chemical additive and the factors of separation, dissociation and purification were investigated. The selective extraction method based on mechanochemical reaction was compared with the traditional extraction method. In addition, the mechanism of selective extraction was studied with SEM, TEM, LSA, XRD and UV-Vis DRS. The selective extraction method was applied to extract representative active ingredients such as alkaloid, flavone, terpene, glycoside, anthraquinone and phenylpropanoids, etc. This project could reveal the law of selective extraction based on mechanochemical reaction, broaden the application of mechanochemical technology, enrich and develop the methodology of plant active ingredients extraction.

针对植物有效成分传统提取方法提取率低和产品纯度不高等问题，研究基于机械化学反应的植物有效成分选择性提取方法及其机理。以植物原料和特定化学助剂为原料，在高能球磨机中发生机械化学反应，再经分离、游离和纯化处理，得到目标有效成分。探讨机械化学反应条件（机械力作用强度、作用时间、体系温度等），不同植物原料及有效成分，化学助剂类型及用量，分离、游离和纯化条件等因素对有效成分提取选择性的影响，并与传统提取方法进行比较。采用电子显微镜、激光衍射粒度分析仪、X-射线衍射仪、紫外-可见漫反射光谱分析仪等仪器跟踪原料及有效成分在机械化学处理过程中发生的物理及化学变化，探讨选择性提取的机理。将该方法应用于代表性植物有效成分（生物碱、黄酮、萜类、苷类、蒽醌、苯丙素等）的选择性提取上。本项目可揭示基于机械化学反应的植物有效成分选择性提取的规律，拓宽机械化学技术的应用领域，丰富和发展植物有效成分提取的方法学研究。

植物有效成分传统提取方法存在提取率低和产品纯度不高等问题。本项目研究了基于机械化学反应的植物有效成分选择性提取方法及其机理。以植物原料和特定化学助剂为原料，在高能球磨机中发生机械化学反应，再经分离、游离和纯化处理，得到目标有效成分。探讨机械化学反应条件（机械力作用强度、作用时间、体系温度等），不同植物原料及有效成分，化学助剂类型及用量，分离、游离和纯化条件等因素对有效成分提取选择性的影响，并与传统提取方法进行比较。采用电子显微镜、激光衍射粒度分析仪、X-射线衍射仪、紫外-可见漫反射光谱分析仪等仪器跟踪原料及有效成分在机械化学处理过程中发生的物理及化学变化，探讨选择性提取的机理。将该方法应用于代表性植物有效成分（生物碱、黄酮、萜类、苷类、蒽醌、苯丙素等）的选择性提取上。项目揭示了基于机械化学反应的植物有效成分选择性提取的规律，拓宽机械化学技术的应用领域，丰富和发展植物有效成分提取的方法学研究。