低盐条件下富营养化对大型海藻营养吸收及光合作用影响研究

Seaweeds has been suggested as useful tool for bioremediation in the coastal eutrophic waters. The eutrophic waters always showed a environmental condition of low salinity and high nutrients. The previous studies were based on the effective nutrients uptake ability of seaweeds, however, the new environmental conditions always were not suitable for seaweeds, even could cause the death. When it happens, seaweeds became a new pollutant. Our previous studies showed that, seaweeds in the bioremdiation waters showed a worse state than in the sampling sites, whether was it a common phenomenon? This study will discuss the growth, nutrients uptake and photosynthesis in the conditions of low salinity and high nutrients. Which will identify the phenomenon and show the relationships between the stress resistance and ecological position of seaweeds. A systematic study will be conducted to show the growth, nutrients uptake and photosynthesis response to the conditions of low salinity and high nutrients. The results will help us to determine the suitable environmental conditions for seaweeds cultivation and the effective bioremediation ability in a bioremediation practice. Which will also supply the fundamental materials for using seaweeds as good candidates for bioremediation.

大型海藻已经成为近岸富营养化海域生态修复的重要工具。而修复区往往处于低盐，富营养化的海域，传统应用大型海藻进行生态修复的研究基于大型海藻能够有效移除营养物质这一理论基础，而忽略了海藻本身由于对环境的不适而可能造成新的污染。我们的研究表明，在近岸海域综合养殖模式下的江蓠的生长状态明显差于传统养殖区，这是否是一种普遍现象？本研究通过探讨不同门类大型海藻在低盐，富营养化条件下的生长，氮、磷吸收和光合固碳能力，来说明这种现象是否具有普遍性，并且探讨这些海藻抗低盐，富营养化能力的差异与藻体在自然界中生态位置的关系。在前期实验基础上，我们计划研究海藻低盐胁迫下氮、磷加富与藻体营养吸收与光合固碳的关系，探索低盐和富营养化对藻体营养吸收和光合固碳的结合效应，从而为更精确估测大型海藻的耐受条件和生态修复能力提供理论依据，并且为应用大型海藻进行富营养化海域生态修复技术研究的发展提供一定的实验基础。

我们综合研究了全球变暖背景下，低盐耦合富营养化对近岸大型海藻生长生理表现及生态修复能力的影响研究。我们进行了富营养化耦合全球变暖对大型海藻影响研究，结果表明富营养化耦合全球变暖诱发的温度波动将显著提高坛紫菜生长和色素含量。全球变暖导致的升温和酸化，促进坛紫菜产量和品质提高，同时能降低紫菜养殖区金潮暴发。进行了低盐耦合富营养化对大型海藻影响研究，结果表明条斑紫菜在盐度低于10的海区不能正常生长，龙须菜对盐度适应范围较宽，且未来酸化条件下呈现向低盐海区迁移。而绿潮灾害种浒苔对低盐有较好的适应性，研究结果为浒苔在近岸低盐海域和河道的存在提供了机理证据。进行了全球变暖对大型海藻生理及种间竞争效应研究，结果表明全球变暖诱发升温、酸化和极端天气增加，升温和极端天气增加会导致大型藻灾害金潮、绿潮等的暴发频率，而酸化将缓解经济海藻与灾害藻之间的竞争，但未来可能产生更具竞争力的附生灾害藻类。在此期间，完成撰写SCI论文7篇，其中已发表3篇。