胃肠道胶囊内窥镜可穿戴供电系统动态磁耦合谐振无线电能传输理论与方法研究

Gastrointestinal capsule endoscopy plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignant disease. The problem of power supply has become one of the "bottlenecks" in the technology of gastrointestinal tract imaging to aid biopsy and treatment. This project aims to solve the four major issues of transmitting efficiency, transmitting power stability, electromagnetic safety and wearability in the technology of wireless power transfer for the gastrointestinal capsule endoscope, and further study the theory and method of dynamic magnetic coupling resonant wireless power transfer of the wearable power supply system of the capsule endoscope. ①New wearable electromagnetic focusing transmitting coil model and three-dimensional receiving coil model will be established. By studying dynamic magnetic coupling resonance theory, a magnetic field control method is proposed to improve the coupling coefficient of the two coils to solve the problem of wearable and efficient wireless power supply. ②The dynamic coupling resonance compensation network of capsule endoscope wireless power supply system and its impedance matching method, and adaptive control technology will be studied to obtain the method of improving the stability of transferred power and transmitting efficiency. ③The human body electromagnetic-thermal field model with coupled coils will be established. The electromagnetic safety of wireless power transfer system is evaluated by electromagnetic dose and temperature rise, and the system safety frequency band and the optimal resonant frequency will be obtained. ④The experimental prototype will be developed. The results of this study can provide the theoretical and experimental basis for the wireless power transfer of wearable biomedical device, which has important scientific significance and practical value.

胃肠道胶囊内窥镜在胃肠道恶性疾病早期诊查上发挥着重要作用。供电问题已成为目前胃肠道影像向辅助活检、治疗方向发展的技术“瓶颈”之一。本项目以解决胃肠道胶囊内窥镜无线供电技术中的传输效率、传输功率稳定性、电磁安全性、可穿戴四大问题为研究目标，深入研究胶囊内窥镜可穿戴供电系统动态磁耦合谐振无线电能传输理论与方法。①建立新型可穿戴电磁聚焦发射线圈模型和三维接收线圈模型，通过深入研究动态磁耦合谐振理论，给出提高两线圈耦合系数的磁场调控方法，解决可穿戴和高效无线电能供给问题。②研究适于胶囊内窥镜无线供电的动态耦合谐振补偿网络及其阻抗匹配方法和自适应控制技术，得到提高传输功率稳定性和传输效率的方法。③建立带耦合线圈的人体电磁-热场模型，采用电磁剂量和温升评估供电系统电磁安全性，得到系统安全频带和最优谐振频率。④研制实验样机。研究结果可为可穿戴人体诊疗设备无线供电提供理论基础和实验依据，具有重要意义。

目前国内外在临床上使用的胶囊内窥镜均采用纽扣电池供电，无法实现全消化道全面细致检查，更无法满足新一代多功能胶囊机器人内窥镜的供电需求。胶囊内窥镜无线电能传输技术为解决供能难题提供了可能，但其在使用便捷性、传输效率、功率稳定性、安全性等诸多方面仍面临挑战亟待技术突破。.本项目针对胃肠道胶囊内窥镜无线电能供给上述技术难题，研究了胃肠道胶囊内窥镜可穿戴供电系统动态磁耦合谐振无线电能传输理论与方法，围绕胶囊内窥镜用可穿戴无线供能电磁耦合器优化设计方法、动态补偿网络和谐振补偿方法、供能稳定性控制方法、可穿戴胶囊内窥镜无线供能实验样机的研制、供能系统安全性评估等，展开了深入的理论和方法研究及系统研制，解决了可穿戴电磁聚焦发射线圈设计、高传输效率、稳定传输功率、电磁安全性等理论和技术问题，最终研制可穿戴、安全、高效、稳定的胃肠道胶囊内窥镜无线供电实验样机。.取得的理论和方法研究成果以及设备研制成果包括：①提出了可穿戴动态聚焦发射线圈的设计方法，优化设计了电磁耦合器，最大传输效率达到20%以上，突破了弱耦合下无线能量传输系统传输效率低、稳定性差、无法应用于胶囊内窥镜的技术“瓶颈”；②提出了一种新型反馈式自激谐振自适应调频网络拓扑和动态耦合谐振阻抗匹配方法，提高了胶囊内窥镜无线供电系统的传输效率和谐振稳定性；③建模求解得到了体内天线辐射电磁场解析解，获得了可用最优通讯频率，给出了如何选择通讯频率的答案；④成功研制了高度只有4.6 mm的目前尺寸最小的高性能胶囊共形天线；⑤提出了一种新的指数权重加权质心定位算法，实现了胶囊高精度定位；⑥提出了跟踪胶囊内窥镜无线供能系统的接收线圈位置和姿态变化的稳定传输功率控制方案，实现了功率足够且稳定传输；⑦首次成功研制了胃肠道胶囊内窥镜可穿戴无线供电系统实验样机，该样机集可穿戴无线供能、自适应调频网络和小型电源、无线通讯、可穿戴电磁定位、功率稳定控制于一体，并通过电磁安全性评估。