振动型能量采集的非线性动力学理论与实验研究

Vibration-based energy harvesting is a new technology with broad applications. To increase the work efficiency of energy harvesters, their dynamical characteristics should be fully understood. The corresponding scientific issue is nonlinear vibration of continua under the multi-field actions, which is a significant topic in dynamics. Based on modern theory nonlinear dynamics, classical theory of nonlinear vibration, mechanics of solids, methods of numerical analysis, and techniques of experiments, nonlinear dynamical behaviours of vibrating beams in energy harvesters will be investigated via dynamic modelling, theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, and experimental demonstrations. The research frame will be proposed for dynamics in vibration-based energy harvesting. The approximately analytical approaches and the numerical algorithms will be developed for nonlinearly vibrating continua in the multi-fields. The dynamical characteristics of high-dimensional systems will be studied with the focus on the applications in vibration-based energy harvesting. The effects of the related parameters on dynamic responses of energy harvesters will be predicted. The influences of the arrays and the shapes of vibrating beams on the dynamic responses of energy harvesters will be examined. Bifurcation and chaos will be explored with the emphasis on their impacts on the efficiency of energy harvesting. The project outcomes will develop theory of high-dimensional nonlinear dynamics and theory of nonlinear vibration of continua, determine vibrating characteristics of structures under the multi-field actions, and lay the theoretical foundation of designing and optimizing the structures of energy harvesters and increasing the efficiency of energy harvesting.

振动型能量采集是有广泛应用前景的新能源技术。为提高工作效率，需要深入认识振动型能量采集器的动力学特性，其相应科学问题是受多场作用连续体的非线性振动，为动力学领域的重要课题。本项目运用经典非线性振动理论、现代非线性动力学理论、固体力学、计算方法和实验测试技术，通过动力学建模、理论分析、数值仿真和实验验证综合研究能量采集器中振动梁的非线性动力学行为，建立振动型能量采集系统动力学的研究框架。本项目将发展受多场作用连续体非线性振动分析的近似解析方法和数值算法，研究高维非线性动力学运动特性在能量采集器中的作用，预测能量采集器动态响应随相关参数的变化趋势，分析梁的布局和结构类型对动态响应的作用，理解相应的分岔、混沌等非线性动力学行为以及对能量采集效率的影响。研究成果将丰富高维非线性动力学理论和连续体非线性振动理论，明确受多场作用结构振动特性，为设计和优化能量采集器结构、提高能量采集效率奠定理论基础。

本项目综合运用了非线性振动理论、非线性动力学理论、固体力学、计算方法和测试技术，通过理论分析、数值仿真和实验验证综合研究了能量采集系统的非线性动力学行为，建立了振动型能量采集系统动力学的研究框架。通过本项目的研究，提出并证实了用内共振加强振动能量采集的新思路，设计了几种非线性压电能量采集新装置，提出了机电耦合系统参数识别和非参数辨识的新方案，发现了层合圆板受横向周期激励时幅频响应曲线软特性和硬特性共存的新现象，发展了非线性能量采集系统近似随机分析方法，探索了能量采集与非线性吸振一体化的新设想。研究成果扩展了非线性振动理论的应用范围，丰富了高维非线性动力学理论，深入认识了在复杂作用下结构的振动特性，推动了动力学与控制学科的发展；同时为设计和优化能量采集器结构、提高能量采集效率奠定了理论基础和提供了技术储备。