Implementing ecological restoration measures are powerful booster for mitigating and improving ecological degradation. With the implementation of ecological restoration measures, the regional ecological environment has undergone significant changes. Therefore, it is important to study the changes of ecological environment and the mechanism of ecological restoration in different restoration stages, and to explore the regional ecological environment evolution dominated by artificial engineering. In this study, the Minqin Basin was used as the research area, and the ecological restoration sequence of the key management planning project in the Shiyang River Basin was selected,12 indicators were selected to construct a comprehensive ecological restoration evaluation model integrated with water, atmosphere, soil and ecology on the pixel scale (30 m×30 m). Combined with direct and comprehensive evaluation, analyzing the interannual variability of the three different stages of the ecological environment: before recovery (2001-2005), recovery phase I (2006-2010) and recovery phase II (2011-2018); analyzing the dominant factors which cause changes in the ecological environment in different recovery stages; exploring the coupling relationship between various evaluation indicators at different stages, and revealing the mechanism of ecological restoration, which can clarify the intervention of ecological restoration measures, and provide theoretical basis of the ecological trajectory and ecological environment evolution, and reference for the ecological restoration and evaluation of the inland river basin.
实施生态恢复措施是减缓和改善生态退化的有效途径。随着生态恢复措施的实施,区域生态环境发生了显著改变。因此,研究不同恢复阶段生态环境的变化及生态恢复的机理,对探究人工工程主导的区域生态环境演变规律有重要意义。本研究以民勤盆地为研究区,以石羊河流域重点治理规划工程生态恢复序列为对象,选取12个指标,在像元(30 m×30 m)尺度上构建集成水、气、土、生四大生态因子时空动态耦合的生态恢复效果综合评价模型;通过直接评价和综合评价相结合,分析恢复前(2001-2005)、恢复I期(2006-2010)和恢复II期(2011-2018)三个不同阶段生态环境的年际变化情况,寻找不同恢复阶段引起生态环境变化的主导因子;探讨不同阶段各个评价指标之间的耦合关系,并揭示生态恢复的机理,为明确生态恢复措施干预下的生态因子运行轨迹及生态环境演变规律提供理论依据,为内陆河流域生态恢复及效果评价研究提供借鉴和参考。
实施生态恢复措施是减缓和改善生态退化的有效途径。随着生态恢复措施的实施,区域生态环境发生了显著改变。本研究以民勤盆地为研究区,以石羊河流域重点治理规划工程生态恢复序列(恢复前、恢复I期、恢复II期)为对象,在像元(30 m×30 m)尺度上重建了各生态因子(水、土、气、生)近20年的时空演变过程。石羊河流域综合治理工程对民勤盆地的生态环境恢复具有一定积极作用,其中地下水位的恢复效果比较显著,且恢复效果灌区外部好于灌区内部、盆地下游好于盆地上游;对地下水矿化度的恢复虽有一定作用,但效果不显著,地下水矿化度升高的速率有所减缓,季节差异也发生了变化,且恢复效果上游好于下游;“关井压田”政策的实施缩减了人工绿洲的面积,但促进了绿洲外围天然植被的恢复,荒漠植被长势逐渐变好、覆盖度和生物量逐渐增加、面积逐渐扩大;对土壤理化性质改良也有一定的作用,土壤湿度的变化逐渐趋于平缓,土壤盐分略有降低、盐渍化程度有所减轻。地下水位埋深、地下水矿化度和地表植被覆盖度是影响民勤盆地生态环境的三大主要生态因素。生态环境综合指数结果表明民勤盆地的综合生态环境也得到了恢复,但恢复效果整体还不够明显,而且在不同区域表现不同,尤以青土湖、黄案滩和老虎口的生态恢复最为典型。石羊河流域重点治理规划工程的实施有效遏制了民勤盆地生态环境的进一步退化,极大地加快了生态环境的恢复进程,这种恢复效果是生态恢复工程各项措施综合作用的结果。我们有理由相信,随着生态恢复工程的继续实施,民勤盆地的生态环境状况将进一步改善。本研究对于探究人工工程主导的区域生态环境演变规律有重要意义。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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