多元主体视角下新型城镇化的空间组织及其协同机理

Currently, the main issues that the new-type urbanization in China is facing are no longer restricted to the dual structure of the transformation from agriculture to non-agricultural, farmers to citizens in the urban-rural area, but focused on the access for multiple agents, including the enterprises of different ownerships and individuals with different demands, to acquiring equal development rights and interests and to jointly promote the social development with the state in the market economy. As the carrier of multiple agents, the space is a fundamental physical environment that guarantees the equal development rights of them. However, the behavior and decision of multiple agents also shape the evolution of the spatial organization of urbanization. To enhance the spatially coordinated development of multiple agents, we conduct this study. Su-Xi-Chang Region, an urban agglomeration in the southern Jiangsu province located in the core area of the Yangtze River Delta, is selected as the study area. Firstly, on the basis of clarifying the interest relationship of the multiple agents in the Chinese urbanization process, we divide the evolution stage of spatial organization. Panel data analysis is adopted to further analyze the cases of multiple agents and the evolution of spatial organization in different spatial scales such as urban and urban agglomeration, development zone and new town, urban village and community etc.. And then, an SMAC model is constructed to investigate the response mechanism of the evolution of spatial organization and the changes of government function, enterprises ownerships and individual demands. Through refining a spatial organization mode which is highly matching the demand of new-type urbanization and formulating a systematic mechanism framework of multi-scale spatially coordinated development, this study aims to resolve the dilemma about the interest conflict of multi-agents, the spatial imbalance of resources allocation and the spatial differentiation of development level and provide the theoretical foundation for optimizing the spatial layout and form of new-type urbanization.

新型城镇化主要面临的不再是农业向非农业、农民向市民转变的城乡二元结构问题，而是如何让不同类型企业和不同诉求个体进入到市场经济体系中，获得平等发展权益，成为与政府共同推动社会发展的多元主体。承载多元主体的空间是保障平等发展权益的基本条件，多元主体行为和决策影响着城镇化空间组织演变。为促进多元主体协同发展，本研究在厘清中国城镇化进程中多元主体利益关系的基础上，划分空间组织演变的发展阶段，剖析城市-城市群、开发区-新城、城中村-社区等不同尺度的多元主体与空间组织演化案例，运用面板数据等空间分析方法，构建SMAC模型，探寻研究区苏锡常地域空间组织响应政府职能、企业类型和个体需求等主体变化的机理，提炼匹配新型城镇化发展要求的空间组织模式，形成一套比较系统的多尺度空间协同发展机制框架，破解当前中国多元主体利益冲突、资源配置空间失衡以及发展水平空间分化的现实困境，为优化城镇化空间布局和形态提供理论依据。

新型城镇化强调“以人为本”，把“优化城镇化空间布局和形态”作为其基本任务之一，把构建“政府主导，市场决定，企业组织，社会参与，居民自主”的多元主体共同推进的城镇化模式作为核心目标。多元主体的行为和决策影响着城镇化空间组织的演变，承载多元主体的空间组织是保障多元主体平等发展权益的基本条件。为促进不同类型企业和不同诉求个体进入到市场经济中获得平等发展权益，成为与政府共同推动社会发展的多元主体，本研究在厘清中国城镇化进程中多元主体利益关系、空间组织概念的基础上，运用面板数据、空间自相关等空间分析方法以及参与调查、访谈等社会学分析方法，从宏观、中观和微观三个尺度上研究典型城市群、城市开发区、城市社区等具体案例。通过研究多元主体主导下的空间组织的状态与特征，探索其中多元主体与空间组织的具体演化形式，分析其空间组织响应不动主体职能、类型和需求等变化的机理，提炼出匹配新型城镇化发展要求的空间组织模式，形成一套系统的多尺度空间协同发展机制框架，破解当前中国多元主体利益冲突、资源配置空间失衡以及发展水平空间分化的现实困境，为优化城镇化空间布局和形态提供理论依据。