具有自融雪-自愈合功能的石墨烯/修复剂微胶囊沥青道面基础研究

Snow and damage of asphalt pavement are the critical problems that determine the safety and service durability of airport transportation in winter. The lack of self-snowmelt and self-healing pavement materials has largely limited the transportation efficiency of airport in winter. The objective of this project is to develop asphalt pavement with self-healing and snow-melting functions through embedding graphene/ rejuvenator microcapsules in asphalt matrix, this pavement material also satisfy the requirement of operation safety. Firstly, the multi-scale synthesis method will be developed to prepare the graphene/rejuvenator microcapsules with high conductance, the nanostructure tuning mechanisms and performance evaluation system will be presented. The electrical conductivity performance of asphalt matrix dispersed with graphene/rejuvenator microcapsules will be analyzed, and methods to enhance the electro-thermal conversion efficiency will be provided. Secondly, through the study of the distribution of snow water and microcapsules in pavement, a model for snowmelt will be proposed to reveal the snowmelting mechanisms of graphene/ rejuvenator microcapsules asphalt pavement. A multi-scale evaluation method for the self-healing performance of asphalt mixture will be propose, the mechanism of self-healing process of asphalt mixture will be clarified when upon the joint action of joule heating and microcapsule. Eventually, the evolution of skid resistance and durability for graphene/rejuvenator microcapsules asphalt pavement will be investigated, and its impacts on the safety and durability of airport pavement will be clarified. This project has great significance for the improvement of safety and durability of asphalt pavement in winter season, as well as the improvement of its service life.

沥青道面积雪与损伤是机场冬季通航安全与服役耐久面临的核心问题。目前尚无兼具自融雪与自愈合功能的道面材料，成为制约我国机场沥青道面冬季运营的瓶颈。本项目以研发兼具自融雪与自愈合功能且满足机场安全运行要求的石墨烯/修复剂微胶囊沥青道面为目标。首先，采用纳-微-细观结合的研究手段，探讨具有高效导电能力的石墨烯/修复剂微胶囊合成方法，建立其纳观结构调控机制与性能表征体系；分析石墨烯/修复剂微胶囊沥青混合料导电特性，提出其电-热转换效率的增效方式；其次，考虑微胶囊的加入及融化雪水在路面中分布建立道面结构融雪模型，揭示石墨烯/修复剂微胶囊沥青道面融雪机理；提出沥青混合料自愈性的多尺度评价方法，阐明微胶囊与热诱导双机制沥青混合料自愈机理；最后，研究石墨烯微胶囊沥青道面耐久性与抗滑性演变规律，实现沥青道面冬季安全与耐久运营。本项目研究对于提升我国机场冬季通航安全与耐久性，延长沥青道面服役寿命具有重要意义。

沥青道面积雪与损伤是机场冬季通航安全与服役耐久面临的核心问题，缺乏兼具自融雪与自愈合功能的道面材料成为制约我国机场沥青道面冬季运营的瓶颈。本项目以研发兼具自融雪与自愈合功能且满足机场安全运行要求的石墨烯/修复剂微胶囊沥青道面为目标，从石墨烯微胶囊的制备及材料表征、沥青混合料的热电特性、融冰化雪机理、自愈合机理及道面实施方案等方面开展了相关研究。.（1）发明了具有导电和原位修复功能的沥青道面用石墨烯/修复剂微胶囊；通过静电吸附与链缠结作用完成两步自组装，研发了HMMM树脂枝节吸附石墨烯的插层囊壁结构；阐明石墨烯含量与微胶囊热稳定性、电阻率的量化关系，提出石墨烯/修复剂微胶囊最佳制备工艺。.（2）为制备兼具优异热电特性及路用性能的石墨烯微胶囊/碳纤维导电沥青混凝土，优化其材料组成比例；阐明了导电沥青混凝土的非线性导电特性并揭示了其导电机理；明确了导电沥青混凝土热物理参数与导电材料的量化关系；验证了导电沥青混凝土的路用性能。.（3）开发了石墨烯微胶囊沥青道面融雪模型，明确了融雪道面的融雪化冰机理；提出了石墨烯微胶囊沥青道面的典型结构，阐明其能量转化效率优势；分析融雪道面在多环境因素下的融雪性能，提出了融雪道面的优化策略，提高经济效益。.（4）研究了石墨烯微胶囊沥青的宏观自愈合特性和影响因素，揭示其自愈合机理；采用微观测试方法研究了石墨烯微胶囊沥青的微观自修复机理；结合导电升温试验和分子动力学模拟揭示了自修复-热诱导双机制下石墨烯微胶囊沥青的自愈合机理。.（5）采用离心浇铸法经化学还原得石墨烯薄膜作柔性电极，阐明电极间距、宽度、厚度对沥青道面升温速率影响，提出电极布设方案；明确石墨烯微胶囊沥青道面耐久性的影响因素，阐明荷载、轮胎磨耗、雨雪等因素下道面的路用性能。.本研究成果可及时、有效地修复沥青道面损伤，清除积雪，保证了沥青道面的在冬季的安全运行，显著提升路面耐久性，具有重要理论意义和工程应用价值。.