基于有机金属框架（MOFs）材料的脂肪酶阵列微反应器的构建及作用机理研究

Lipids is essential to our health. For its green and high efficiency, the targeting molecular modification by immobilized lipase was very widely used in lipid modification and the synthesis of new structure lipids. The enzyme activity, stability and using repeatability can be determined by lipase supported materials directly, therefore, supported materials of lipase has been a research hot spot in this field. However, the supported materials of lipase were not pefect, it cannot be modified freely, having low specific area, poor structure flexibility. Most important of all, it cannot significantly improve the performance of lipase etc.. Herein, we use metal organic frameworks(MOFs) materials, through the extension and post-functionalization of coordination, designing and synthesizing the size matching, novel structure, firmly combination lipase supported materials, use it to build lipase arrays microreactor, studying the lipase properties which can be affected by some varieties in micro structure of supported materials，based on the synthesis of structure lipids OPO, according to the selective insertion rate of unsaturated fatty acid, time of reaction, temperature of reaction and the selection of reaction system to explore the catalytic performance of microreactor, inferring its possible mechanism, pefecting the technology of lipid target molecule modification, providing a new theoretical guidance to the exploring of structure lipids resources, having realistic meaning and practical value to improve the nutrition and health level of human.

脂质与人类健康息息相关。利用固定化脂肪酶对天然脂质进行靶向分子修饰，是脂质改性、合成新结构脂质的主要手段，具备绿色、高效等优点。由于脂肪酶固载材料直接决定了酶的活性、稳定性及重复使用性，所以固载材料一直是此领域的研究热点。本项目针对现存脂肪酶固载材料可修饰性低、比表面积小、结构灵活性差、无法显著提高脂肪酶催化性能等现状，基于有机金属框架材料（MOFs），通过其配位体的延长及配体后功能化，设计并合成尺寸匹配、结构新颖、结合牢固的脂肪酶固载材料，用其构建脂肪酶阵列微反应器，研究固载材料微结构的改变对脂肪酶性质的影响，以母乳结构脂OPO的合成为模型，根据不饱和脂肪酸选择性插入率、反应时间、反应温度、反应体系选择等探究微反应器的催化性能，推测其可能的作用机理，完善脂质靶向分子修饰改性技术，为新型结构脂质资源的发掘提供新的理论指导，对拓展产品功能提高居民营养健康水平具有十分重要的现实意义和实用价值。

脂质修饰是拓展油脂功能的重要途径，固定化脂肪酶是功能脂质产业化技术中关键催化剂。目前固定化脂肪酶仍存在载体设计非理性化、酶易受损和流失、活性中心暴露不充分、酶活及稳定性较低、反应机制不明确、酶活测试方法复杂等问题。本项目基于一系列纳米材料设计制备了多个脂肪酶反应微阵列，系统研究材料微观结构，如表面官能团、亲疏水性、比表面积等参数对脂肪酶反应微阵列的反应活性、稳定性、环境耐受性以及循环使用性能的影响，为脂肪酶微反应阵列的理性设计提供研究思路和参考；设计合成了一系列小分子荧光探针，利用这些探针分子来构建具有高灵敏度、快速的酶活性测试体系，系统研究了体系的灵敏度、测试时间及其在实际样品中的应用，对新型生物催化剂的创制，新型结构脂质的合成具有重要意义。在项目的资助下，以项目负责人为第一作者或通讯作者发表SCI论文8篇，申请国家发明专利4件，1件已获授权。