新型RbxWO3/ZnO纳米复合材料的构筑及其近红外吸收和光催化性能研究

With the development of science and technology, the environmental pollution and energy depletion have become more and more serious. In this case, the research about composite materials with environmental cleanup and energy saving properties, applying to the automobile, building used smart windows and curtain wall, will be of great meaningful for the practical application. In this project, it is based on the preliminary work, planning to synthesize RbxWO3/ZnO nanocomposite by a peculiar solvothermal method combined with low-temperature chemical reaction, and then the as-prepared nanocomposite will be used to fabricate for the glass film. Owing to the typical near infrared light (NIR) absorption property of RbxWO3 and the excellent photocatalytic performance of ZnO nanoparticle, the RbxWO3/ZnO composite is expected to present multi-functions, including energy-saving, air purification, UV shielding and high transmittance for the corresponding film, by tuning the band gap and microstructure of composites. The research plans to study the effect of morphology, component and surface condition, etc. on the NIR absorption, photocatalytic activity, UV shielding and transmittance property of the corresponding film for the RbxWO3/ZnO nanocomposite. Moreover, it also intends to make a further insight into the mechanism for the influence of composite component, microstructure and band gap on the NIR absorption, toxic gas photodecomposition and transmittance properties of the relevant film, finally, expecting to obtain a multi-functional composite with excellent performance in the above-mentioned properties. Based on the above-planned investigation, we think that the research for this project would be of great importance in the design and synthesis of novel smart window as well as the utilization for energy saving and environmental cleanup, from the viewpoint of theory and practical application.

随着大气环境污染和能源耗竭问题的日益严重，研究设计既能净化空气又能节约能量的复合材料，使其应用于汽车、建筑智能窗和幕墙，将具有很大的实际应用意义。本项目在前期研究基础上，拟采用溶剂热结合低温化学法的路线来构筑新型RbxWO3/ZnO纳米复合材料，并制备成玻璃涂层。基于RbxWO3独特的近红外吸收性能和ZnO优异的光催化性能，通过调控能带和微结构，获得具有节能、净化空气、屏蔽紫外线以及其对应涂层保持高的可见光透过率等多种功能的复合材料。研究RbxWO3和ZnO晶体形貌、组成以及界面调控等因素对复合材料近红外吸收性能、光催化性能、紫外屏蔽效果以及对应涂层可见光透过率的影响。探讨复合材料组分、微结构和能带等对近红外吸收、光催化分解空气有毒气体以及对应涂层可见光透过率等性能影响的机制，获得各性能均衡且优异的多功能材料。本课题的研究将为设计合成新型智能窗以及环保节能均具有重要的理论和实际应用价值。

随着科学与技术的迅速发展，环境污染和能源耗竭成为了当今世界亟待解决的两大难题。本项目通过特殊的水溶液控制释放溶剂热法结合低温化学法成功制备开发了一系列新型RbxWO3/ZnO纳米复合材料，并将其用作智能涂层，发现其具有很好的节能、净化空气、屏蔽紫外线以及高的可见光透过率效果，可实现隔热保温以及空气净化的双重效果。另外，通过控制晶面暴露、各成分比例等条件对智能涂层材料的各性能进行了很好的调控。最终优化得到的智能涂层具有优于商用ITO玻璃的隔热保温和比拟商用P25二氧化钛的光催化净化NOx气体和VOCs甲醛气体的效果。同时，研究发现颗粒大小、Rb+离子、W5+离子以及氧空位浓度对涂层的近红外光吸收性能即隔温保热效果有很大的影响作用，而材料的近红外光吸收性能主要是由极子化和等离子共振所引起。而复合材料中的可见光透过率和光催化净化效果主要是受ZnO成分所影响。本项目的研究成果在环境保护和能源节约方面有很好的应用前景。