高密度石墨烯边缘嵌入式纳米表面的低摩擦高效率发电原理研究

As a new type of green power technique, tribo-electrification has recently attracted enormous attentions. However, the relationship between surface tribology behavior and tribo-electron output during the tribo-electrification process has not been thoroughly studied so far, which tangled the development of high efficiency tribo-electrification and its practical applications. Our earlier research has found that other than large scale graphene layer(s), carbon nanosurface containing abundant graphene layer edges is capable of large-amount electron storage due to the undercoordination of edge atoms, and can lead to low friction owing to the surface polarization effect at edge quantum-wells. These principles shed light on a new principle of low-friction-high-efficiency tribo-electrification based on graphene layer edges effect. Therefore, this application proposed a scientific problem of “Low friction high efficiency tribo-electrification principles of high density graphene layer edges embedded nanosurface”, and will carry out researches in four steps, starting with the manufacturing and quantitative characterization of nanosurface with different density of graphene layer edges, focusing on the low friction behavior of the nanosurface as well as its high electric output property which are induced by the polarization effect at edge quantum-wells, and finally aiming at the development of low friction high efficiency tribo-electrification device based on the above fundamentals. The research outcome is beneficial for exploring the application of graphene nano structured carbon films in tribo-energy field, and have major significances on enriching traditional “energy-saving” tribology, and opening up the emerging “energy-giving” tribology.

近年来，摩擦发电作为一种绿色新能源技术受到广泛关注。然而摩擦发电过程中电荷输出与表面摩擦学行为之间的关系至今没有得到深入研究，这在很大程度上妨碍了高效率摩擦发电的实用化进程。申请人前期研究发现，与大面积石墨烯层相比，含有丰富石墨烯边缘的碳纳米表面由于边缘低配位作用而具有高密度电荷储备功能，同时边缘量子阱极化效应可以诱导表面低摩擦，这为基于石墨烯边缘效应的低摩擦高效率发电原理提供了新思路。为此，本研究提出“高密度石墨烯边缘嵌入式纳米表面的低摩擦高效率发电原理”这一核心科学问题，以不同边缘密度的纳米表面制造和定量化表征为基础，以边缘量子阱极化诱导的低摩擦行为和高摩擦电荷输出特性为原理支撑，以石墨烯边缘低摩擦高效率发电器件为目标开展四方面研究。研究结果对于拓展石墨烯基纳米结构化碳膜在摩擦能源领域的应用有巨大的实用价值，对于丰富传统的“节能摩擦学”与开拓新兴的“产能摩擦学”研究具有重要的科学意义。

“高密度石墨烯边缘嵌入式纳米表面的低摩擦高效率发电原理研究”以不同边缘密度的纳米表面制造和定量化表征为基础，以边缘量子阱极化诱导的低摩擦行为和高摩擦电荷输出特性为原理支撑，以石墨烯边缘高效摩擦发电器件为目标开展四方面研究。（1）针对石墨烯边缘嵌入式纳米表面边缘密度的调控制造，基于低能电子照射中的电子激发效应以及低能离子照射中的激发和刻蚀效应制造出石墨烯边缘嵌入式纳米表面。利用高分辨透射电子显微镜、拉曼光谱和超导磁量子干涉系统对石墨烯边缘纳晶尺寸和密度进行定量化表征，阐明石墨烯边缘密度的控制规律。（2）针对不同密度石墨烯边缘嵌入式纳米表面进行摩擦学性能测试，发现石墨烯边缘嵌入式纳米表面在惰性气体中低摩擦特性，以及石墨烯纳晶覆盖层诱导超低摩擦，阐明石墨烯边缘方向转变诱导转移膜界面是石墨烯边缘嵌入式纳米表面能够产生低摩擦的机理。（3）针对石墨烯边缘嵌入式纳米表面的摩擦发电特性，自主设计了用于评价摩擦纳米发电特性的测试系统，得到高密度石墨烯边缘嵌入式纳米表面与聚四氟乙烯组成的摩擦界面具有较好的摩擦电荷输出性能。阐明石墨烯边缘量子阱能够捕获的电子在界面滑动摩擦时释放、提高了摩擦界面的电荷密度这一高摩擦发电性能机理。（4）针对高密度石墨烯边缘嵌入式碳膜的摩擦纳米发电机开发，开发了基于固-液界面摩擦-电耦合效应的自供能液体泄露检测传感器，能够检测液体输运管的液体泄露，识别液体泄露程度、泄露液体种类。最后，开发了液体泄露与识别自供能智能传感器。研究结果对于开拓石墨烯纳米结构化碳膜在摩擦能源领域的应用发挥使用价值，对于丰富传统的“节能摩擦学”与开拓新兴的“产能摩擦学”研究具有重要的科学意义，对于开发石墨烯边缘嵌入式纳米表面产能器件提供技术指导。.在本项目资助下，在Nano Energy,Carbon等SCI期刊上发表论文20篇；申请发明专利6项，已授权4项；在国际大会上发表15余次。培养出站博士后3名，在读博士研究生3名，毕业硕士研究生1名。