Babesiosis is a tick-transmitted disease caused by protozoans of the genus Babesia. It’s a heamoparasite disease with a world-wide distribution infecting many species of mammals and humans. Babesiosis is mainly controlled by drugs nowadays. However, all current drugs have toxicity and side effects. Search and development of new drugs is the key point of controlling this disease. All cells require the Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) synthesized by themselves to support their life activities. It’s reported that protozoan parasites synthesize IPP by methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway, which is totally different from the mevalonate (MVA) pathway used by their hosts. Thus inhibiting the MEP pathway is a potential new strategy for anti-parasitic drug discovery. Our previous work on genome analysis of Babesia orientalis suggested the presence of the MEP pathway in this parasite. In this study, we plan to investigate the biological significance of DXR in Babesia orientalis. We will clone and recombinantly express the rate-limiting enzymes DXR from B. orientalis, test their enzyme activities and screen chemical inhibitors in vitro and examine their cellular localization in vivo. Since bacteria such as E. coli also use the MEP pathway for IPP production, we plan to use E. coli as a model to characterize these two enzymes. Replace DXR in E. coli with corresponding enzymes from B. orientalis and test the growth of E. coli under different conditions (such as with or without inhibitors) to assess their enzymatic properties in vivo. Subsequently use chemical inhibitors for DXR and test their impact on parasite growth to address the biological importance of the MEP pathway for parasite survival. Completion of this work will provide significant insights into anti-babesiosis drug design.
巴贝斯虫病是由多种巴贝斯虫引起的一类危害人畜健康的血液原虫病,目前控制该病无有效药物,故寻找和开发新药靶和新药物是该病研究的重点。已知原虫通过不同于宿主甲羟戊酸(MVA)途径的非甲羟戊酸(MEP)途径合成异戊二烯焦磷酸(IPP)供生命所需,故阻断其IPP合成抑制虫体生长成为开发新药的潜在途径。前期研究发现东方巴贝斯虫存在MEP途径,但对其限速酶的功能一无所知。本研究拟克隆该途径关键限速酶1-脱氧-D-木酮糖-5-磷酸还原异构酶(DXR),通过酶活、抑制剂实验等探索该酶功能;通过蛋白定位检测其在东方巴贝斯虫不同时期的表达特征;以大肠杆菌为模型,构建BoDXR遗传互补株,通过菌落群数、生长曲线检测其功能位点,利用现有药物库筛选抑制剂评价抑制效率;用筛选的抑制剂进行东方巴贝斯虫生长抑制实验,通过染虫率虫体存活时间等鉴定DXR对虫体存活的重要性,从而为巴贝斯虫药物设计提供理论依据和新的模型及思路。
巴贝斯虫缺少有效的治疗药物,急需要新的药物与药物靶点来控制治疗巴贝斯虫病。已知宿主通过MVA通路合成IPP,据报道MEP通路是顶复门原虫合成IPP的唯一通路,而但MEP通路在巴贝斯虫生长发育中扮演的角色还未知。本研究首先从基因水平证实了东方巴贝斯虫存在MEP途径,使用DXS和DXR蛋白制作多克隆抗体,在虫体中检测到天然蛋白,表明东方巴贝斯虫在红细胞阶段表达MEP通路基因;研究了东方巴贝斯虫DXR蛋白的酶动力学,证实MEP关键限速酶DXR重组蛋白拥有催化DOXP到MEP的能力,并计算了它的底物Km值;使用田鼠巴贝斯虫作为模型,证实DXR抑制剂膦胺霉素在体外可以抑制巴贝斯虫生长发育,且通过补充MEP下游代谢物IPP或类似物GG-ol使得巴贝斯虫的生长发育得到恢复。本研究计划通过使用BoDXR替代大肠杆菌DXR,但由于大肠杆菌无法表达具有活性的BoDXR而无法进行替换,提示DXR基因对于生物体具有重要作用,是一个有效的药物靶点。本研究对现有MEP通路抑制剂进行了筛选,发现了两种抑制剂对巴贝斯虫生长发育具有抑制作用,其作用主要体现在由环状期发育至下个阶段,对其中1R,3S MMV008138抑制剂的靶蛋白IspD进行了研究,表明其具有预想的由酶活功能。以上结果表明巴贝斯虫生命活动中MEP途径发挥着至关重要的作用,其中DXR蛋白是其关键限速酶,是一个安全有效的药物靶点;同时MEP通路其他的蛋白的蛋白也可以作为新的药物靶点,本研究为巴贝斯虫药物开发提供了新的药物靶点和小分子药物。以上部分结果已发表第一标注SCI论文5篇,其中3篇为寄生虫领域经典期刊,1篇IF>5;授权专利1个,培养研究生5名。.综上所述,该项目已按照项目书计划完成了申请书和任务书中的研究内容,同时为后期研究工作的开展奠定了扎实的基础。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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