人体行走下室内地面沉积可吸入颗粒物瞬态再悬浮数学模型及规律

The resuspension of inhalable particles (PM10) from deposited indoor floor can pose significant risks for human exposure to particles. However, under the human walking disturbance the previous researches on particles resuspension are still insufficient. These insufficiencies include the quantitative measurement methodologies for instantaneous resuspension rate of particles, the development of CFD mathematical models coupled with instantaneous resuspension effects as well as the revealing of dynamic distribution characteristics of resuspended particles in three-dimensional indoor space. Based on the previous researches of the principal investigator of this research proposal, and by applying the innovatively designed experimental chamber for quantitative measurement of instantaneous resuspension rate of particles under human walking disturbance, the derived mathematical formula for instantaneous resuspension rate and the corresponding measurement methodologies proposed, this study will carry out the investigations from three major aspects: firstly, the identification of significant influencing parameters for PM10 resuspension under human walking disturbance and the quantitative measurements for resuspension effects; secondly, establishing the dimensionless correlations for PM10 resuspension rate under human walking and analyzing the resuspension characteristics; thirdly, the development of CFD mathematical models coupled with PM10 instantaneous resuspension effect under human walking and the revealing on temporal and spacial distribution characteristics of the resuspended particles. The accomplishment of this study will develop new perspectives and methodologies for assessing human exposure risks to PM10 resuspended from deposited indoor floor under walking disturbance.

室内地面沉积可吸入颗粒物（PM10）的再悬浮会构成极大的人体颗粒物暴露风险，但是在人体行走扰动下先前有关于颗粒物再悬浮的研究仍然是不够充分的，包括颗粒物瞬态再悬浮率定量化测量方法、耦合瞬态再悬浮效应的CFD数学模型以及再悬浮后的颗粒物三维空间动态分布规律揭示。基于申请人前期研究基础，并利用创新设计的人体行走扰动下颗粒物瞬态再悬浮率定量化测试实验舱、推导的瞬态再悬浮率数学计算公式和相应的实验测量方法，本项目主要开展三方面的研究：一、人体行走下室内地面沉积PM10再悬浮重要影响参数识别及瞬态定量化实验；二、PM10在人体行走下再悬浮率无量纲关联式的建立及悬浮规律分析；三、人体行走下耦合PM10瞬态再悬浮效应的CFD数学模型开发及再悬浮时空分布规律的揭示。本项目的实施将为行走扰动下地面沉积PM10颗粒物再悬浮人体暴露风险评估开辟新的思路和方法。

室内地面沉积可吸入颗粒物的再悬浮会构成极大的人体颗粒物暴露风险，但是在人体行走扰动下先前有关于颗粒物再悬浮的研究仍然是不够充分的。本项目从实验测量、理论研究及数值仿真三方面，全面分析了前期学者关于室内人体行走下地面沉降可吸入颗粒物瞬态再悬浮方面的研究情况。创新性地发明了人体行走下室内地面沉积PM10瞬态再悬浮率测量装置并结合该装置推导出了实验定量化测量方法。基于欧拉-欧拉及欧拉-拉格朗日法框架，对常用于室内气流环境下PM10(即可吸入颗粒物)范围内气溶胶颗粒物输运仿真的4种数学模型进行了比较分析研究. 基于欧拉-欧拉法框架，利用URANS来模拟动态室内湍流气流，动网格模型来模拟人体行走，修正后的漂移通量模型来模拟颗粒物输运，同时考虑到超净手术室内地面沉降PM10颗粒物的再悬浮因素，数值研究了不同巡回护士行走方式对于手术关键区含菌颗粒物浓度分布的影响。通过利用欧拉非稳态雷诺平均N-S方程求解非定常室内气流场，动网格模型模拟人体行走，及分别应用拉格朗日粒子跟踪模型LPTM法或更改的漂移通量模型MDFM模拟颗粒物输运，建立了人体运动对于室内气溶胶颗粒物分布影响的数学模型，并分别基于AIIR（空气传染性隔离病房）及UCV OT（超净通风手术室）进行了案例研究，最后对数值仿真的关键技术进行了总结。基于人工环境舱改造的PM10再悬浮率测试实验舱，实测了在置换通风下不同送风速度对负离子净化PM颗粒物效果的影响。在本项目人体行走下室内沉积PM10再悬浮颗粒物控制方面，探索性研究了利用负离子技术控制室内PM10颗粒物行走人体暴露的方法及措施。最后，在主动控制室内PM10颗粒物技术方面，本项目探索性研究了利用新风净化热回收机来控制室内PM10颗粒物浓度的方法，为控制室内再悬浮颗粒物暴露风险提供了新的应对措施和积累了数据, 本项目的研究方法及结果对于控制室内PM颗粒物人体暴露及改善室内空气质量具有重要意义。