具有“开-关”响应的纳米光电化学（生物）传感器研究

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) analysis is a recently emerged method, based on the photoelectrochemical process and molecular recognition, promptly becoming a subject of new research interests due to its attractive potential for future analysis with high sensitivity and specificity. In this proposal, we aim to construct nano photoelectrochemical biosensors with high sensitivity, excellent selectivity and “om-off” response through combination of environmental-stimulus responsive polymer, nano materials and photoelectrochemical materials, as well as the enzymes/proteins with selective biocatalysis properties. Firstly, the controllable preparation and recombination of environmental responsive polymers, nano-materials and photoelectric materials were realized. And the influence of photoelectrochemical performance factor were investigated detailed, then molecular selective recognition model, electron transfer mechanism and "on-off" response mechanism of photoelectrochemical biological sensing membrane were obtained through the various electrochemical and characterization methods. Finally, several photoelectrochemical (biological) sensing method were established, which can efficiently detect the object and has practical applications These studies are expected to provide new ideas and theoretical basis for the development of new smart photoelectrochemical sensors.

光电化学分析是基于光电化学过程和分子识别过程的分析方法，由于其高灵敏度和高选择性，很快成为新的研究热点。而提高分析方法的光电转换效率、实现智能响应、探索新的分析传感模式是当前光电化学生物传感的主要发展方向。本项目拟将环境响应性聚合物、纳米材料与光电材料进行有机结合，结合酶/蛋白质/抗体的选择性和生物催化特性，构建同时具备高灵敏度、高选择性和“开-关”响应特性的纳米光电化学生物传感器。通过实现环境响应性聚合物、纳米材料和光电材料的可控制备和复合，结合各种电化学和表征方法，详细探讨影响光电化学传感膜性能的要素，获取纳米光电化学生物传感膜的分子选择性识别特性、电子传递机理和“开-关”响应机制，最终建立几种能高效检测对象分子并有实际应用背景的光电化学（生物）传感方法。本课题研究能为智能光电电化学传感器的发展提供新思路和理论支撑。

本项目以新型具有“开关”响应的光电化学传感器为研究目标，合成了数十种具有杰出环境响应性质的高分子聚合物和二十余种具有光电催化性能和光电化学性能的光电纳米材料。采用多种碳基材料和金属纳米材料对光电材料进行功能化进一步提升光电性能，构建了一批电化学（生物）传感器及光驱动的“开关”光电化学（生物）传感器。另一方面，将环境响应性聚合物与光电复合材料进行有机结合，并成功设计构建了二十余种具有温度/pH“开关”响应的智能纳米光电化学（生物）传感器。这些研究实现了对生命分子和环境分子的智能“开关”可控检测，实现了光电化学检测的智能化，为光电化学传感领域开辟了一种新的研究方向。相关研究成果获得湖南省自然科学二等奖1项，共发表高水平期刊论文29篇（SCI论文28篇），申请发明专利2项，培养博士3人，硕士研究生13人。