面向V2G信息交互的电力线通信可靠性研究

For the problem of the lack of low cost, reliable, two-way information interaction model between electric vehicle (V) and power grid (G), and the state information collection of electric vehicle (V) is difficult, this project will focus on the research on reliability of “vehicular- charging pile” power line communication and vehicular power line communication in harsh EMI environment, to solve the problem of "information isolated island" between electric vehicle (V) and power grid(G). This project will do the research work from the aspect of the topology of vehicular power line communication network, power line communication channel, MAC protocol, dynamic routing algorithm which can improve the reliability of power line communication. This project will focus on the following issues.(1) The research on the general method of transforming the physical topology of vehicular power line communication network into the logical topology, the dynamic characterization method of power line communication channel, multi channel MAC layer communication protocol, communication network intelligent artificial cobweb routing, which will improve the reliability of communication system.(2) This project will develop the distributed channel selection strategy of power line communication, communication channel conflict optimization algorithm and robust detection method of communication signals, which can improve the anti-interference ability of communication system.(3) The model of charging cable communication channel will be designed, the optimization strategy and algorithm of communication protocol will be established, the communication mechanism of "vehicle- charging pile" power line communication in harsh EMI environment will be studied, and the optimization method of charging interface will be formulated. This project will achieve the efficient and reliable information interaction between electric and power grid, and efficient state information collection of electric vehicle, which can provide the firm theory foundation for the analysis of charging and operating behavior of electric vehicle and reliability planning of power grid.

针对现有电动汽车(V)与电网(G)间缺少低成本、可靠、双向信息交互方式，“V”的运行信息难采集的不足，拟以电力线载波为通信方式，开展“车-桩”与车载电力线通信可靠性研究，解决V.G间存在的“信息孤岛”问题。拟从改善通信可靠性的网络拓扑、信道状态、通信协议、动态路由方面开展工作。包括：(1)研究车载电力线通信网络物理拓扑转化为逻辑拓扑的通用方法、通信信道动态表征方法、多信道MAC层通信协议制定、通信网络人工蛛网路由等，提高通信系统的可靠性;(2) 构建电力线通信分布式信道选择策略、通信信道冲突优化算法、通信信号的鲁棒检测方法，增强通信系统的抗干扰能力;(3) 设计充电线缆信道模型，建立通信协议优化策略及算法，研究强电磁干扰条件下的“车-桩”电力线通信机理。实现电动汽车与电网间高效、可靠的信息交互，及对电动汽车运行行为数据的有效采集；为电动汽车充电、运行行为分析，及电网可靠性规划提供理论支撑。

针对现有电动汽车(V)与电网(G)间缺少低成本、可靠、双向信息交互方式，“V”的运行信息难采集的不足，以电力线载波为通信方式，开展“车-桩”与车载电力线通信可靠性研究，解决V-G间存在的“信息孤岛”问题。从改善通信可靠性的网络拓扑、信道状态、通信协议方面开展工作。.主要研究内容包括：.(1) 分析电动汽车车载电力线通信网络拓扑结构、车载电力线的衰减特性、阻抗匹配特性、多径效应、车载各类传感器的电气特性和车载系统的噪声特性情况，对车载电力线载波通信信道特性进行建模与仿真分析。.（2）构建了基于电力线通信技术的V2G系统，设计了车载、车-桩、桩-网的无缝信息交互系统架构。.（3）研究了车载电力线通信MAC层采用BFSK和OFDM实现车载通信系统窄带、宽带通信的可行性，通过仿真验证了两种调制解调方式通过信道选择、冲突优化等方面提高车载电力线通信的可靠性。实验验证窄带条件下，载波频率为200kHz，传输速率为1.2kbps时，其可靠性最高；宽带条件下，传输速率和载波频率为10Mbps和30MHz时，可靠性更高。.（4）分析电动汽车与充电桩间电力线信道的衰减特性，阻抗匹配特性和车桩间信道中的噪声特性情况，并对车桩信道模型和噪声模型进行建模仿真分析。设计充电线缆信道模型，研究强电磁干扰条件下的“车-桩”电力线通信机理。建立基于脉冲噪声抑制的电动汽车与充电桩间电力线载波通信系统。提出一种改进脉冲噪声支撑集的稀疏度自适应匹配追踪算法（IPA-SAMP），它能够有效的实现对车-桩建强脉冲噪声的抑制，提高了强干扰条件下车-桩电力线载波通信系统的可靠性。.项目的研究成果提高了V2G系统的电力线通信可靠性，实现电动汽车与电网间高效、可靠的信息交互，及对电动汽车运行行为数据的有效采集；进一步促进电力线通信技术在V2G通信领域的应用和推广，为电动汽车充/放电、运行行为分析，及电网可靠性规划提供理论与数据支撑。