矩阵分布式非连续可燃物火蔓延行为规律及预测模型研究

Flame spread is the fundamental research project in wildland and high-rise building fire research areas. Previous classical flame spread model was developed with the hypothesis of continuous solid combustible. However, when real fire disaster happens, the distribution of combustible is usually discontinuous, which is also influenced by the condition of surroundings like external block, inclination, and environmental wind. Compared with continuous flame spread, the discontinuous flame spread has more complex flame heat transfer and fluid mechanisms. Until now, the propagating mechanism among discontinuous fuels is still unrecognized, and the discontinuous flame spread behavior cannot be predicted well. In this project, the effects of distance, block, inclination, and wind speeds on discontinuous flame spread behavior and its heat transfer process will be explored from aspects of fluid mechanics, heat transfer, and boundary layer theory. The aim of this project is to create a discontinuous flame spread prediction model, which can also predict the critical flame spread well. This project can improve current solid flame spread dynamics, and provide scientific basis and technical support to the forest and city fire protection distribution, indoor display, building exterior thermal insulation fireproof block design of our country.

火蔓延是森林及建筑火灾研究中的基础性课题。经典的火蔓延理论是基于可燃物连续分布假设发展起来的，然而实际火灾蔓延时，可燃物的分布往往是非连续的，且火蔓延行为多受外部阻隔、倾斜角度、环境风等边界与环境条件的影响。相比于连续火蔓延，非连续火蔓延行为中所展现出的传热传质与流场耦合作用机制更为复杂。目前的研究对火焰在非连续可燃物间的蔓延机制尚未有清晰的认识，无法对非连续火蔓延行为进行有效地预测。本项目拟采用实验研究与理论分析相结合的方法，系统地研究不同间距、阻隔、倾斜角度以及环境风作用下的矩阵式非连续可燃物火蔓延发展规律，基于流体力学、传热传质、边界层理论揭示非连续火蔓延行为及传热机制，进而建立较为完善的非连续火蔓延理论模型，实现对非连续火蔓延临界传播行为的有效预测。本项目研究成果可为我国森林与城市防火规划、室内陈列、外墙防火阻隔布局等领域的火灾防护提供科学依据和技术支撑。

火蔓延是森林及建筑火灾研究中的基础性课题。经典的火蔓延理论是基于可燃物连续分布假设发展起来的，然而实际火灾蔓延时，可燃物的分布往往是非连续的，且火蔓延行为多受外部阻隔、倾斜角度等边界与环境条件的影响。相比于连续火蔓延，非连续火蔓延行为中所展现出的传热传质与流场耦合作用机制更为复杂。目前的研究对火焰在非连续可燃物间的蔓延机制尚未有清晰的认识，无法对非连续火蔓延行为进行有效地预测。本项目采用实验研究与理论分析相结合的方法，系统地研究了不同间距、阻隔、角度等作用下的非连续火蔓延发展规律，明晰连续火蔓延与非连续火蔓延在传热和火灾动力学方面的异同，建立较为完善的非连续火蔓延理论模型，实现了对非连续火蔓延临界传播行为的有效预测。