微凸台阵列型制氢反应载体的非均布结构设计理论与方法研究

Hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles have the advantages of environmental protection and fuel regeneration，which offer an effective way for sustainable development of automobile. But at present, the volume of the reactor for hydrogen production as the key component of hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles is always large and the efficiency of that is low, which limits the development of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. For improving the efficiency of the reactor for hydrogen production, this program will develop a catalyst support with non-uniform distributed micro-pin-fin arrays and carry out the study on its structural design theory. The key innovations include: (1) For the maldistribution of velocity in catalyst support with micro-pin-fin arrays, the program will develop a catalyst support with non-uniform distributed staggered micro-pin-fin arrays; (2) Considering the flow size effect of fluid, the program will develop a characteristics model about the fluid flow around non-uniform distributed micro-pin-fin arrays based on the lattice Boltzmann method; (3) For realizing the optimization of temperature distribution in non-uniform distributed micro-pin-fin arrays, the program will establish an expression of local convection heat transfer coefficient under the condition of microscopic/mesoscopic scale base on the boundary layer heat transfer theory. This program will develop the design and analysis theory of catalyst support with non-uniform distributed micro-pin-fin arrays, resolve the problem of the topology design and optimization of catalyst support with micro-pin-fin arrays for hydrogen production and improve the design lever of the hydrogen supply devices for fuel cell vehicles in our country.

氢燃料电池汽车具有清洁、燃料可再生等优势，为汽车可持续发展提供了有效途径。然而，作为其核心部件的制氢反应器存在体积大、能量密度低等问题，制约了氢燃料电池汽车的发展。为此，本项目提出了一种非均布微凸台阵列型制氢反应载体结构，并开展其拓扑结构设计理论与方法方面的研究。主要创新点包括：(1)针对当前微凸台阵列型制氢反应载体存在流速分布不均问题，提出一种错排非均布微凸台阵列型制氢反应载体拓扑结构新设计；(2)考虑流体流动尺度效应，基于晶格玻尔兹曼方法建立非均布微凸台阵列结构流体绕流特性模型；(3)为实现反应载体内流体温度分布的分析与优化，基于边界层传热理论，建立微-介观尺度非均布微凸台阵列结构局部对流传热系数关联式。该项目研究将建立非均布微凸台阵列型制氢反应载体的设计分析理论，解决微凸台阵列型制氢反应载体的拓扑设计与优化问题，提高我国氢燃料电池供氢设备的设计水平。

随着环境污染和能源危机日益严重，新能源汽车越来越受到人们的关注。因此，研究氢燃料电池车的供氢反应器技术具有重要的学术价值及广阔的工程应用前景。本项目以制氢反应载体为研究对象，围绕其拓扑结构设计、流动与传热特性、制氢性能评价等方面开展研究，完成的研究工作及取得的成果主要包括：. 1）为了有效提高微反应器的制氢性能，提出并发展了一种非均布微凸台阵列型制氢反应载体结构，优选了其流体分布腔结构，设计了基于非均布结构的制氢微反应器结构；研究了其内部流动与传热特性，并与传统微凸台阵列结构的流动和传热性能进行了比较，发现非均布结构确实可提高制氢反应载体的流动与传热性能。.2）研究了不同非均布结构参数对非均布微凸台阵列结构流动的影响规律，建立了非均布微凸台阵列结构的流体阻力特性模型（摩擦系数与雷诺数关联式），完成了非均布微凸台阵列型反应载体的绕流特性研究。.3）分析了不同阵列结构参数对非均布微凸台阵列结构传热的影响规律，建立了非均布微凸台阵列结构的流体传热特性模型（努塞尔数与雷诺数关联式），完成了非均布微凸台阵列型反应载体的传热特性研究。.4)建立了非均布微凸台阵列型微反应器的制氢实验系统，进行了微凸台阵列型微反应器的制氢实验研究，研制了基于微凸台阵列结构的自热层叠制氢反应器及燃料电池氢源系统，实现了甲醇重整氢燃料电池车的研制与试运行。.本项目建立了面向非均布微凸台阵列结构制氢反应载体的结构设计、流动与传热特性分析方法，为我国车载氢源的设计和制造提供了理论基础和技术支撑。并已在International Journal of Hydrogen Energy等期刊上发表SCI期刊论文4篇，发表EI期刊论文1篇；申请发明专利7项，实用新型专利6项。