复杂多工况超大型板翅换热器关键导流增效结构非均布理论与动态设计方法研究

The inhomogeneous dimension and dense arrangement of each channel in inlet of the plate-fin heat exchanger causes inhomogeneous distribution of fluid flow and decreases heat transfer performance. In order to solve this issue of inhomogeneous distribution of fluid flow and heat transfer under complex multi-load working conditions, a key leading flow structure with inhomogeneous spatial arrangement was proposed. Combining with shape line hypothesis theory, the curve design method of specific-shaped hole was investigated, besides, the three-dimensional spatial scale inhomogeneous arrangement theory and dynamic design method were investigated under complex multi-load conditions. Moreover, a new flux and heat transfer monitoring and feedback control system was developed to control each component dynamically and achieved flux distribution homogeneously under complex multi-load conditions. Finally, the heat transfer characteristic was improved by achieving maximum heat exchange between hot and cold fluid. It can be found that investigating inhomogeneous arrangement and dynamic design method of key leading flow structures under complex multi-load conditions and establishing inhomogeneous arrangement model of the leading flow structure can improve flux distribution in each channel and promote heat exchange, and finally, enhance heat transfer performance.

板翅换热器入口位置存在流道尺寸不一致、流道排列密集问题，导致各层各流道内部流体流量分布以及换热不均匀，降低换热器传热性能。为了解决复杂多工况条件下流量与换热非均匀问题，本项目提出一种关键导流结构空间非均匀布局理论，结合型线假设研究非均匀异型孔导流结构孔型曲线设计以及复杂多工况条件关键导流结构三维空间尺度非均匀布局理论与多目标动态优化设计方法，设计流量/导热监测与反馈控制系统对各关键部机进行动态控制，完成复杂多工况条件下的换热器流量均衡，最大程度实现冷/热流体热量交换，提升换热器强化传热效果。研究复杂多工况条件关键导流结构非均匀布局理论与动态优化方法，建立关键导流结构非均匀布局强化传热模型，有助于改善板翅换热器在多工况条件下的各流道流量分布，促进冷热流体热量交换，推动板翅换热器强化传热技术发展。

本科研项目“复杂多工况超大型板翅换热器关键导流增效结构非均布理论与动态设计方法研究”（资助号：51705297，负责人：刘景成）是延续了博士阶段工作“面向超大型空分板翅换热器的导流增效结构设计技术研究”。根据板翅换热器换热效率高、结构紧凑等优势，对换热器结构进行深入研究，从异性孔导流板结构、孔型曲线、孔布局以及放大设计、动载变化与多场耦合冲击效应等多个方面开展相关工作。本项目主要研究成果包括：①研究了大型板翅换热器关键导流增效结构多场耦合分析方法；②基于Galerkin方法分析了不同工况条件下换热器导流增效翅片结构应力变化规律；③分析了动载荷作用下换热器关键导流增效结构性能；研究关键导流增效结构孔型曲线设计方法。此外，针对高性能换热器优化问题，④提出了基于灰色系统理论的蜂窝螺旋板换热结构参数优化方法。⑤分析了螺旋板换热研究前景与研究趋势。..本项目主要针对大型空分装备板翅换热器结构设计方法开展相关研究工作，对板翅换热器关键导流增效结构改进、结构设计理论、方法以及多参数优化等方面进行研究。项目针对高性能换热器中存在的流体分布非均匀、换热器内部各层/各流道温度以及换热量差异性问题，通过设置导流板并对导流板进行合理的结构设计与优化，解决板翅换热器内部流体非均匀分布问题，可以明显改善换热器性能，提升换热器传热效率。