咪唑类离子液体修饰固体材料的结构设计及对有机化合物作用机理研究

Sample pretreatment techniques are the main work of the organic compounds (OCs) analysis in the environmental samples,especially selective enrichment and separation with interferces. Ionic liquids (ILs), as one kind of novel "non-molecule" solvents, show effectively enrichment capbility to the OCs. The unique physico-chemical and structural tunable properties promote the potentials of "task-specific" or "tailor-making". Research on relationship of structure-property between ILs and OCs are far from mature and more challenges continue to be forthcoming. We discovered that the big differences of OCs' enrichment existed among ILs with different cations and anions.In this application, the immidazole-ILs, owning continously changing alkyl chain cations and functioanl groups and organic anions, will be synthesized and used to modify the surfaces of solid materials, e.g. magnetic nanoparticles, solid phase extraction and solid phase microextraction materials, respectively, and make comparions of the differences on their selectivity and retention capabilities between the obtained ILs-modified materials and OCs.Moreover, the interaction mode and mechenism between the ILs and OCs will be compared, and the relationship between the molecular structures and their characterization be summarized based on the obtained data.The results will be helpful to make the therotical basement for fulfilling the enrichment and removing of OCs from the environmental samples accorrding to the rule of "task-specific" or "tailor-making", propose the enhanced techniques and technologies for quickly detecting and effectively removing the OCs.

环境样品中有机化合物的分析，大量的工作是在样品前处理方面，尤其是实现选择性富集并与干扰物分离。离子液体作为一类新型的"非分子型"溶剂，已有的研究结果表明其对有机化合物有着高效的选择与富集作用，其独特的物理化学性质和分子结构可调节性的特点，使其有望实现"需求特定"或"量体裁衣"的构想。离子液体与有机化合物的分子构效关系，迄今国内外仅处于初步阶段。前期研究中，我们发现组成离子液体阴、阳离子的有机官能团的变化对有机化合物的选择性富集作用有着较大差异。我们认为离子液体的阴阳离子组成变化对有机化合物的选择吸附性有一定的作用。我们计划设计合成结构系列变化的有机咪唑阳离子和阴离子的离子液体，分别修饰于固体材料表面，研究磁性纳米粒子、固相萃取及固相微萃取材料表面与不同结构的有机污染物的富集吸附差异，探讨离子液体与有机化合物分子相互作用机理，期望得到"需求特定"的有机化合物样品前处理材料。