叶顶间隙涡空化时空演化及流动机理研究

To fulfil the develop requirement of the underwater weapon in national defense issues and to better understand the fluid mechanics of vortex-cavitation interactions, physical and numerical investigation of the spatial-temporal evolution of tip leakage vortex cavitating flows has been proposed based on the experimental and computing devices, as well as the current research achievement. The refined measurement technique for the unsteady tip leakage vortex cavitating flow structures will be investigated with the high speed Particle Image Velocimetry device and the cavitation model considering the streamline curvature-rotation effect will be developed. Lagrangian method for complex vortex dynamics analysis will be developed, and Lagrangian-Eular investigations will be conducted to highlight the spatial-temporal evolution of the unsteady vortex structures in tip leakage vortex cavitating flows. The effect of cavitation number, gap size and hydrofoil angle of attack on the vortex dynamics will be revealed. The correlations between cavitation and vortex dynamics will be analyzed to get an insight of the interactions between cavitating interface mass transfer and vortex transfer processes.

为了满足国防领域某水下武器型号研发需求，加深对于旋涡空化流动本质的认识和理解，申请人基于现有研究基础和具备的实验设备与数值计算条件，提出了叶顶间隙涡空化时空演化及流动机理研究。研究基于高速粒子图像测速技术的叶顶间隙涡空化瞬变流场结构精细测量方法，研究考虑强流线曲率-旋转效应的空化质量传输模型，形成叶顶间隙涡空化瞬变流场结构数值模拟方法；建立基于拉格朗日-欧拉耦合体系的非定常流场结构辨识方法，对叶顶间隙涡空化瞬变流场结构进行辨识和表征，阐述其时空演化过程，分析空化数、间隙尺寸及水翼攻角等工况参数对叶顶间隙涡空化时空演化过程的影响规律。分析提取空化形态与旋涡结构的同步时空演化数据并分析相关特性，掌握强流线曲率-旋转效应影响下的空化质量传输特性，揭示空化质量传输对旋涡输运过程的影响机制。

基于高速摄影技术观测了绕水翼空化流动的基本流动结构，获得了绕水翼间隙空化流动的演化规律。提出了空化旋涡的概念，基于此发展了考虑旋涡运动对相间质量传输过程影响的空化模型，评价了该空化模型在包含强烈旋涡特征的空化流动计算中的应用。分析了间隙区域非定常空化形态和旋涡结构相互关联，获得了攻角和间隙尺寸的变化对间隙区域的旋涡结构动力特性的影响规律，揭示了间隙涡空化流动机理。通过本项目研究，形成SCI论文2篇，发明专利1项。项目研究成果有望为水下推进装置和水下武器装备研发提供理论和技术支撑。