Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant neoplasm of abnormal monoclonal plasma cell proliferation. Anti-tumor immunity of patients plays an important role in efficacy and survival of MM. It was reported that fibroblast activation protein α (FAPα) positive tumor stromal cells were key factors of anti-tumor immunity inhibition in lung cancer and pancreatic cancer in mouse models . Our also found that the proportion of FAPα positive cells in bone marrow of patients with MM was related to patients' efficacy, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in vitro could protect MM cells from bortezomib-induced apoptosis mediated by FAPα, and secret high levels of TGF-β and other immunosuppressive factors, suggesting a critical role of FAPα positive BMSCs in the inhibition of anti-tumor immunity. But the role of FAPα and the specific mechanism remains unknown. Here, we study the important role of FAPα in inhibition of anti-myeloma immunity by BMSCs to find the key points of immune evasion in MM by immunology and molecular biology research methods in vitro cell culture systems and animal models, to provide experimental evidence for further design targeted immunotherapy.
多发性骨髓瘤(MM)是一种单克隆浆细胞异常增生的血液系统恶性肿瘤,患者抗MM免疫功能状态对疗效和生存至关重要。近年在肺癌和胰腺癌小鼠模型中发现一类成纤维细胞激活蛋白α(FAPα)阳性的肿瘤基质细胞是抑制抗肿瘤免疫的关键因素。我们前期研究发现,在MM患者骨髓FAPα+细胞的比例与其临床疗效相关,体外培养的骨髓基质细胞(BMSCs)在FAPα的介导下,保护MM细胞抵抗硼替佐米诱导的细胞凋亡,并分泌高水平TGF-β等免疫抑制因子,提示FAPα+ BMSCs可能参与抑制抗MM免疫应答,但FAPα是否在其中起到关键作用?其作用的具体机制是什么?尚不清楚。故本课题拟以FAPα+ BMSCs为主要研究对象,在体外细胞培养体系和MM动物模型中,采用免疫学和分子生物学研究方法,深入探讨FAPα在BMSCs抑制抗MM特异性免疫反应中的重要作用,寻找MM免疫逃逸的关键点,为进一步设计靶向免疫治疗提供实验依据。
本项目体外研究发现MM肿瘤细胞株及其肿瘤培养上清(MM-TCCM)可促进骨髓基质细胞(BMSC)表达FAPα,用患者来源的138+MM细胞验证结果一致。在BMSC上过表达FAPα后用高通量RNA-SEQ筛选差异基因,发现PD-L1基因表达升高,并在体外实验证实在BMSC中FAPα可诱导PD-L1的表达。同时,本研究发现过表达FAPα的BMSC可促使CD4+和CD8+T细胞高表达PD-1,并可诱导二者凋亡。同时体外实验发现过表达FAPα 的BMSC可促使CD4+T细胞向Th1(CD4+IFNγ+)以及Th22(CD4+IL17-IL22+)细胞分化。我们进一步证实MM患者来源的BMSC相较于健康供者(HD)高表达FAPα及PD-L1,且两者具有一定相关性。同时我们用临床病例验证了相较于健康供者,MM患者骨髓中的CD4+T及CD8+T细胞高表达PD-1,且CD8+T占比上升,CD4+/CD8+比例倒置。同时MM患者骨髓中的CD4+T中Th1(CD4+IFNγ+)、Th2(CD4+IL4+)、Th22(CD4+IL17-IL22+)比例上升,与体外实验一致性较高。我们也分析了82例初发MM患者外周血T细胞比例等与患者PFS和OS之间的关系,发现患者骨髓FAPα的表达水平,外周血T细胞亚群和外周血细胞因子水平跟患者的疗效及预后具有一定相关性。本项目阐明了MM通过诱导BMSC上FAPα的表达来产生MM微环境中免疫抑制及免疫紊乱的机制,为MM患者的临床免疫治疗提供了新的思路和理论依据。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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