手性Gemini表面活性剂的聚集体结构和相行为研究及其在手性药物分离中的应用

Chiral surfactants as chiral selectors take an important role in chiral separation by micellar electrokinetic chromatography and liquid-liquid extraction techniques. The molecular structures, aggregation abilities and aggregate morphologies of chiral surfactants are relevant to the efficiency and selectivity of chiral separation. Chiral gemini surfactants containing chiral centers and two amphiphilic moieties, not only maintain the chiral properties, but also exhibit stronger aggregation abilities, various aggregation behaviors and aggregate morphologies. Additionally, gemini surfactants possess a much stronger ability to form coacervates compared with monomeric surfactants. Herein, developing novel chiral gemini surfactants and investigating their phase behaviors and aggregate morphologies will be helpful to improve chiral separation techniques. In this project, chiral gemini surfactants with different molecular structures will be synthesized. Furthermore, the effects of stereochemistry on the self-assembly of chiral gemini surfactants and aggregation behaviors in chiral gemini surfactant/oppositely charged chiral drug mixed systems will be examined, which are benefit in controlling the balance between stereochemistry and non-covalent interactions such as electrostatic interactions and hydrophobic interactions. Knowledge of interaction mechanisms in chiral gemini surfactant systems can be applied to construct the coacervates of chiral gemini surfactants and chiral drug molecules, achieve chiral drug separation, optimize separation efficiency and explore separation mechanisms. The final purpose is to provide a systematic understanding of chiral gemini surfactants and obtain the relationship between molecular structures of chiral gemini surfactants and efficiency of chiral separation.

手性表面活性剂是利用毛细管胶束电动色谱法和液液萃取法进行手性分离所需的重要的手性选择剂，其分子结构、聚集能力、聚集体结构可显著影响手性分离的效率和选择性。手性Gemini表面活性剂融合了手性分子和Gemini表面活性剂的特性，具有强的聚集能力、丰富的聚集行为和聚集体结构，尤其在形成液液相分离方面表现出极大的优势。因此，发展新型手性Gemini表面活性剂，系统研究其相行为和聚集体结构，有助于手性分离技术的发展。本项目将设计合成具有不同结构特征的手性Gemini表面活性剂，研究其自聚集行为及与带相反电荷手性药物分子混合体系的相行为和聚集体结构，探讨立体化学对静电、疏水等非共价相互作用的影响。在此基础上，利用手性Gemini表面活性剂与手性药物分子构筑液液相分离，研究其形成规律和机理；并将液液相分离用于手性药物分离，提出分离机理和影响机制，建立对分子结构、聚集体结构和手性分离效率关系的系统认识。

手性表面活性剂作为手性选择剂，是毛细管胶束电动色谱法和液液萃取法实现手性分离不可或缺的组分。因此，对手性表面活性剂的理解和应用程度，直接影响该技术的进一步发展。在当前手性分离技术的研究中，存在着手性表面活性剂分子结构和聚集体形态单一、缺乏对聚集机理和分离机制的探讨、分子结构和分离效率的关系尚不明确等不足，亟需细致和深入研究。与手性单链表面活性剂相比，手性Gemini表面活性剂不仅保持手性分子的立体化学特性，而且具有更丰富的聚集行为和更优越的物化性质。本项目将通过共价或非共价途径合成具有不同结构特征的手性Gemini表面活性剂，研究其自聚集行为及与带相反电荷表面活性剂或有机小分子混合体系的聚集行为，探讨立体化学与静电、疏水、氢键等非共价相互作用之间的平衡，掌握手性特征对聚集行为和聚集体结构的影响规律。进而，利用其与小分子共同构筑液液相分离体系，实现手性识别、手性偏正发光增强和染料分离。本项目不仅有助于深化手性表面活性剂的基础研究，而且有利于推动表面活性剂液液相分离的发展。