大规模跨流域供水水库群联合优化调度关键问题研究

To tackle the fundamental issues on joint optimal operation of large-scale inter-basin reservoirs for water supply, this proposed research aims to develop a framework for joint optimal operation of large-scale inter-basin reservoirs for water supply, which will consist of the following key techniques and methodologies: a water-transfer allocation approach under balanced consideration of reservoir storage regulation and water supply pressure and allocation rules of joint water-supply tasks based on virtual equivalent reservoirs. In particular, a distributed parallel computing architecture combined with multi-objective genetic algorithms and unequal probability dynamic dimensional search algorithms will be developed to solve the model, in which multi-reservoir optimal operation rules are generated and used to guide multi-reservoir real-time operation through the fusion of multidisciplinary techniques, such as multi-objective optimization, adaptive evolution, and data mining. Finally, a systematic fundamental framework of joint optimal operation of large-scale inter-basin reservoirs for water supply, i.e., "water-transfer optimal allocation - water-supply optimal allocation - joint optimal operation of multi-reservoirs", will be built to provide theoretical and technological supports for comprehensive benefit improvements of large-scale inter-basin reservoirs.

针对当前的大规模跨流域水库群联合优化调度关键问题，通过开展多目标优化理论、自适应进化策略和数据挖掘技术等多学科的交叉与融合，研究均衡考虑水库调蓄能力与供水压力的调水量优化分配方法与基于虚拟聚合水库的共同供水目标分配规则，建立相应的水库群联合优化调度模型，应用多目标遗传算法与不等概率动态搜索算法结合的分布式并行计算框架进行求解，生成水库群优化调度规则来指导水库群实际调度。最终形成“调水量优化分配—供水量优化分配—水库群联合优化调度”，一个较为系统的大规模跨流域水库群联合优化调度的基本理论框架，为充分发挥大规模跨流域水库群的综合效益提供理论和技术支持。

以辽宁省东水西调工程为研究实例，围绕跨流域水库群联合调度的两个关键问题：跨流域水库群的复杂系统建模和优化调度模型的高效求解，研究均衡考虑水库调蓄能力与供水压力等多因素的调水量优化分配方法和共同供水目标分配方法，建立相应的水库群联合调度模型，应用基于敏感性分析的降维方法进行求解，生成水库群优化调度规则来指导水库群实际调度，为充分发挥跨流域水库群的综合效益提供理论和技术支持。