量子元胞自动机电路的可靠性研究

Quantum cellular automata (QCA) is a new type of nano electronic devices, it's unique structure and assembly forms a new mode of information processing. It provides a good alternative for the next generation of nanometer scale integrated circuit. The circuit consisting of QCA is with such advantages as high integration, low power consumption and no lead integration. In the design process of QCA circuits, we often encounter the output instability, poor repetitive design, particularly with an increase circuit scale. In view of this, this project is aimed at the reliability study of QCA circuits, with a comprehensive analysis on the circuit error by different reasons of the circuit layout, device physics, circuit scale, and design method. Through the establishment of the transfer probability matrix of QCA circuit basic units, the calculation model of cross lines, the adiabatic switching model of clocks, the relationship model between power consumption of the circuit and the polarity error, we get the qualitative and quantitative analysis of QCA circuit reliability, obtain some regularity conclusions. And also, we present the modular design method and the specific program based on Bayesian network, to realize the large scale integration of QCA circuits. Through the work above, we attempt to construct the frame of the reliability theory of QCA circuits for robust design.

量子元胞自动机（QCA）是一种新型的纳电子器件，它独特的结构和组装形式构成了全新的信息处理模式，为下一代纳米尺度集成电路提供了一个很好的备选方案，由QCA组成的电路具有高集成度、低功耗和无引线集成等优势。在QCA电路设计过程中，经常会遇到输出不稳定、设计重复性差等问题，随着电路规模的增大尤为严重。鉴于此，本项目针对QCA电路的可靠性问题展开研究，全面分析由于电路布局、器件物理、电路规模、设计方法等不同原因引起的电路误差。通过建立QCA电路基本单元概率转移矩阵、交叉走线计算模型、时钟绝热开关模型、电路功耗与极性误差关系模型等，定性和定量地分析QCA电路的可靠性，得出一些规律性的结论；提出模块化设计和基于贝叶斯网络设计方法的具体方案，有助于实现QCA电路的大规模集成。通过上述工作，力图构建较为系统的QCA电路可靠性理论框架，用以指导QCA电路的鲁棒设计。

量子元胞自动机（QCA）作为一种新的开关器件是实现未来电路的极具潜力的纳米解决方案，它具有高集成度、低功耗和无引线集成等优势，成为传统CMOS电路的很有前景的替代者。但是，在QCA电路设计过程中，我们经常会遇到诸如输出不稳定、设计重复性差等问题，并且随着电路规模的增大变得尤为严重。基于此，本项目针对QCA电路的可靠性问题开展研究，着重分析由于电路布局、器件物理、电路规模、设计方法等不同原因引起的电路误差。经过研究，我们形成了关于QCA电路容错性的一整套有效的分析方法，包括元胞缺陷分析、概率转移矩阵分析、功耗分析等，从而可以定性和定量地分析QCA电路的可靠性，得出一些规律性的结论；提出了若干个性能优越的QCA单元电路模块，有助于集成出更优化的电路；提出了一种结型交叉走线结构，以节省电路开销、提高稳定性、增加容错能力；提出了一种菱形QCA时钟布局方案，可简化电路结构、提高可扩展性、降低功耗；提出了模块化设计，有助于实现QCA电路的大规模集成；给出了基于贝叶斯网络方法设计和验证QCA电路的具体方案。通过上述工作，构建了较为系统的QCA电路可靠性理论，用以指导QCA电路的鲁棒设计。