Gender bias is common in autoimmune disease, which is an unresolved medical issue. For example, men are more prone to hepatitis while woman have much increased risk of systemic lupus erythematous. Since men are hemizygous for X-linked gene, most clinically relevant X-linked mutations are identified in men. Hemizygocity in X-linked genes also makes it more convenient to experimentally identify functional mutations in the male. Since inflammation is the most important underlying cause for most human disease including sepsis, cancer, metabolic syndrome and autoimmune disease. Unfortunately, no systemic studies have been carried out to identify X-linked genes that regulate inflammatory response. To fill in this major gap, we have initiated collaboration with Dr. Xu’s group in Fudan University to screen for genes that regulate inflammatory response to liver necrosis. Our preliminary studies revealed several X-linked mutations that have significant impact on the mouse survival and the production of inflammatory cytokines in response to live necrosis. First, these candidate genes according to the mutation sites will be identified. Second, we will make clear whether there are differences in transcription and expression between HO and WT mouse with qPCR and western blot. Third, we will identify whether the gene has impact on immune system. Finally, the relationship between the function of genes and inflammatory response will be confirmed. The project may provide important genetic material basis and theoretical foundation for gender bias in autoimmune disease. Identification of novel regulators may provide new idea for pathogenesis, diagnosis and new drug development for a variety of disease ranging from autoimmune disease, sepsis and cancer.
很多自身免疫性疾病存在性别差异,而性染色体是性别在遗传上的根本区别。由于炎症反应是自身免疫性疾病最重要的病理表现,因此我们推测X染色体上可能存在具有炎症反应调节功能的基因。我们前期研究发现,在肝坏死炎症模型中,某些X染色体连锁基因突变小鼠(HO)的生存曲线、细胞因子释放水平较野生型小鼠(WT)有显著差异。本研究拟以这些突变品系为研究对象,根据PB转座子插入突变位点确定候选基因,采用qPCR,western-blot等分子生物学方法,分析候选基因的转录、表达在HO与WT中是否有区别,考察基因表达水平对免疫系统的影响,最终明确候选基因与炎症反应的关系,从而验证该基因是否具有炎症调节功能。本研究有望发现炎症反应调节功能的X染色体连锁基因,将为揭示人体自身免疫性疾病的性别差异提供遗传物质基础和理论依据。新基因的发现将为人体自身免疫性疾病、败血病及肿瘤等炎性疾病的发病机理、诊断和新药研发提供新思路。
自身免疫性疾病患者具有性别差异,如系统性红斑狼疮女性患者显著多于男性。由于炎症反应是自身免疫性疾病最重要的病理表现,因此我们推测X染色体上可能存在具有炎症反应调节的相关基因,这是本项目实施的重要背景。本项目主要研究内容有以下几点:首先,我们构建了84株X染色体连锁基因突变小鼠的炎症模型,以X染色体突变雄性小鼠(HO小鼠)及其同窝野生型小鼠(WT小鼠)为研究对象,采用腹腔注射对乙酰氨基酚方法构建肝损伤验证模型,且小鼠ALT和AST水平显著高于对照组,模型构建成功。其次,通过比较HO小鼠与WT小鼠在炎症模型中的生存曲线,血清细胞因子(IL-1α, IL-6, MCP-1, TNFα),并从84个突变株中筛选获得具有显著差异的9株候选小鼠作为研究对象,他们的转座子插入突变位点分别为X染色体基因组的66.354988, 93.340651, 161.484928, 16.203244, 35.253645, 64.960178, 53.78216, 82.269388, 135.066724 Mb。其中93.340651Mb位点位于膜突蛋白(Moesin)基因组序列,且在炎症模型中,Msn基因突变小鼠与WT小鼠的生存曲线具有显著差异。此外,Msn基因突变小鼠与WT小鼠血清释放的细胞因子IL-1α和MCP-1也具有显著差异,因此Msn基因突变小鼠被选为主要候选研究对象。再次,通过多种方法明确了Msn基因突变小鼠的分子背景。通过与NCBI数据库比对,明确了转座子的具体插入位点位于Msn基因外显子2和外显子3之间的内含子。Western blot和免疫荧光实验结果表明,转座子显著降低了MSN蛋白在小鼠心,肝,脾,肺和肾组织中的表达水平。最后,采用流式细胞术检测了Msn突变小鼠和WT小鼠外周血中各免疫细胞的变化。结果表明,与WT小鼠比较,MSN缺失显著降低了外周血CD4+,CD8+T细胞的比例,并增加了CD4+, CD8+ T细胞中CD62L分子的表达。此外,MSN缺失也显著增加了外周血中B1细胞和Naïve B细胞的比例。通过以上研究,我们明确了X染色体连锁基因Msn具有显著的调控炎症反应功能,为从基因水平研究自身免疫性疾病性别差异提供了进一步的研究基础。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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