低碳快递物流网络的设计与优化

The operation of China express enterprises generates a great amount of greenhouse gases. To improve its operation management level and thus to gain economic benefits, and at the meanwhile reduce the carbon emission, the construction of low-carbon express logistics network design is the most important decision to China express enterprises. In this project, we focus on our attention on the low-carbon logistics network design and optimization of express enterprises from the view of strategic and operational decision levels. We build mathematical models for the problem and develop corresponding high efficient resolution algorithms to help enterprises to make a trade of between logistics costs and carbon emission costs. The problems studied include: the facility location problem in low-carbon logistics network design; multimodal transport problem under low-carbon logistics network; low-carbon logistics network design with time windows; pickup and delivery problem under low-carbon logistics network. This project has very important theoretical and reality significance not only for the sustainable development of express enterprises, but also for the development of Chinese logistics industry and environmental protection to achieve a win-win situation.

中国快递企业运营过程排放了大量温室气体。低碳快递物流网络的设计与优化对于提高快递企业的运营管理水平，使企业获得经济效益的同时，有效地降低碳排放非常重要。本项目以快递企业为研究对象，分别从战略和运营层面，探索低碳物流网络的设计与优化，拟采用运筹学方法建立低碳物流网络的优化模型，开发求解大规模问题的高效算法，帮助快递企业权衡物流成本与碳排放成本。具体研究工作包括：低碳物流网络选址问题研究；低碳物流网络多式联运问题研究；低碳物流网络时间窗口约束问题研究；低碳物流网络集送货一体化问题研究。本项目不仅对快递业的可持续发展具有重要的指导意义，对中国物流业的发展与环境保护实现双赢亦有着重要的实际价值。

低碳快递物流网络的设计与优化对于提高快递企业的运营管理水平，使企业获得经济效益的同时，有效地降低碳排放非常重要。课题的主要内容和成果如下：(1)针对物流网络设计中的选址问题以及车辆路径问题，提出了基于算例特性的新的分支定界方法decompose-and-fix (D&F)以精确求解0-1混合整数规划问题。(2)研究了考虑设施容量选择的多层网络选址问题以模拟快递物流网络的构建，并提出了拉格朗日松弛与模拟退火及禁忌搜索的混合算法以获得问题的高质量上、下界。(3)研究了多层物流网络容量限制选址问题，提出了核搜索与局部分支结合的混合算法获得问题的最优解。(4)研究了考虑油耗的容量限制车辆路径问题，提出了基于进化局部搜索及变异结合的启发方法获得问题高质量的近似最优解。除了上述主要研究内容外，项目团队还进行了一些扩展性研究，包括运用D&F精确求解同时考虑碳排放、时间窗口和集配送一体化的车辆路径问题，为课题未来进一步研究的展开奠定了基础。