次级无轭部双边磁通切换直线电机及其控制系统研究

Linear motor is the key executing component of the electromagnetic lunch system. Liner induction motor can offer simple and light mover. However, this motor also suffers from some drawbacks such as lower efficiency and lower power factor than the permanent magnet synchronous linear(PMSL) motor. Nevertheless, the armature winding or permanent magnet of the PMSL motor will be located on its high speed mover, which will reduce the reliability or load capability of the drive system. In this project, a new kind of secondary yokeless double-sided flux-switching linear motor with higher efficiency, lighter mover, and higher reliability will be proposed, in which the armature winding and permanent magnet are all located on the primary stator and the high speed mover is only made of conducted magnetic materials with yokeless structure. The purpose of this project is to develop novel structure of secondary yokeless double-sided flux-switching linear motor. The general method is explored for electromagnetic parameters calculation, design, and analysis. The digital drive system and experimental platform of the novel motor based on the real-time dSPACE will be built. The general laws of motor optimal design and the high reliability control strategies will be investigated. The successful research of this project can offer a novel solution for electromagnetic lunch system,which will overcome some drawbacks of the conventional permanent magnet synchronous linear motor such as live line work,lower reliability, and higher risk of demagnetization of permanent magnets. Hence, it not only has the scientific significance and academic value but also the important strategic importance.

直线电机是电磁弹射系统的核心执行部件。直线感应电机具有动子结构简单、质量轻的优点，但其效率和功率因数较永磁同步直线电机差；而传统的永磁同步直线电机，需将带电绕组或永磁体置于高速动子，降低系统的可靠性或负载能力。本项目提出一种新型次级无轭部双边磁通切换直线电机，其电枢绕组和永磁体均置于初级定子侧，而高速次级动子仅由无轭部相连的导磁块组成，集效率高、动子质量轻和可靠性高于一身。本项目旨在开发出结构新颖合理的次级无轭部双边磁通切换直线电机结构；探索该类电机电磁参数计算、设计和分析的一般方法；构建基于dSPACE的数字化驱动控制系统实验平台；研究电机优化设计的一般性规律和高可靠性控制策略。本项目的成功研究，将克服传统永磁同步直线电机动子带电运行、可靠性低、永磁体退磁风险高的不足，为电磁弹射系统提供新的解决方案。不仅具有重要的科学意义和学术价值，而且具有十分重要的战略意义。

针对电磁弹射系统对直线电机的要求，提出了一种新型的次级无轭部双边磁通切换直线电机，分析了该类电机的结构特点和电磁性能，完成了分段控制、无位置传感器控制、直接推力控制方法的研究，进行了实验分析与验证。研究表明，次级无轭部双边磁通切换直线电机不仅具有直线感应电机结构简单的优点，也兼具传统永磁同步直线电机效率高、功率密度大的优点，在电磁弹射应用领域具有较好的应用前景。提出了新型次级无轭部双边磁通切换直线电机的结构，考虑动子块个数、极距比和不同的拓扑结构，通过有限元仿真优化，得到性能最优的电机方案。深入研究了该电机的工作原理和推力产生机理，结果表明，该电机95%以上的电磁推力是由一些主要的谐波磁场共同作用产生的。推导了次级无轭部双边磁通切换直线电机的数学模型，研究了该电机的矢量控制策略，完成了仿真和实验研究。提出了该电机的分段供电控制策略，搭建控制系统仿真模型，完成了空载仿真研究。基于单边磁通切换直线电机的样机，研究了其无位置传感器控制和直接推力控制系统，通过仿真结果和实验结果验证了算法的可行性。进行了大功率双边磁通切换直线电机的比较研究，探究了次级结构对该电机的弹射性能影响，并首次定量比较了该类电机与直线感应电机在电磁弹射系统中的性能表现，结果表明，次级无轭部双边磁通切换直线电机在机动灵活的高速电磁弹射系统中有一定的优势。基于dSPACE控制器搭建了单边和双边磁通切换直线电机的驱动控制平台，为本文的实验研究提供了硬件和软件基础。共发表论文16篇，其中SCI收录7篇（其中6篇发表于IEEE Transactions期刊），授权专利12项。项目负责人获批江苏省六大人才高峰项目资助。