纳流混合器的优化及其在纳米金颗粒合成反应中的应用研究

Combining the methods of analytical simulation, theoretical calculation and experimental research, this project will study the nanofluidic mixing and the synthesis of nanoparticles by the nanofluidic mixing systematically.In order to overcome the limitation of low Reynolds number in nanofluidic channel with extremely high surface-to-volume ratio, reduce the mixing index and achieve the best mixing performance, we are going to utilize different designs of hydrophilic/hydrophobic hybrid surface patterns, improve the mixing effect of different fluids in nanofluidic devices and further explore and optimize the nanofluidic mixer. Based on this research achievement, we propose the fabrication strategies for Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the nanofluidic mixer device through the solution mixing in hydrophilic/hydrophobic patterned nanochannel. We are going to reveal the synthesis mechanism of AuNPs synthesis in nanochannel, action principle of the very small and confined volume with large surface-to-volume ratio, and then study the relation between the physics characteristics, particle size of AuNPs and the reaction parameters during synthesis as well. On this basis, we will optimize the AuNPs synthesis process in nanofluidic to fabricate stable and controllable AuNPs with developed performance, then extend the research to other metal materials and show the wide application prospects.

本项目将采用计算机模拟设计、理论计算和实验研究相结合的方法，对纳流混合及纳流混合反应合成纳米颗粒等科学问题进行系统研究。通过设计纳流通道内的表面亲/疏水混合图案、提高混合效率，深入研究和优化纳流混合器，从而在高表体比纳流通道中克服极低雷诺数的局限，降低混合因子，达到最佳混合效果；在此基础上，率先在纳流通道内通过混合溶液反应合成纳米金颗粒，揭示纳流控通道内纳米金颗粒的合成机理以及极微小受限空间对其的作用机理，从理论上深入研究此类纳米金颗粒的诸多物理特性和粒径大小与各反应参数之间的关联；基于上述成果，优化纳流控器件的制备工艺，合成稳定且尺寸可控的纳米金颗粒，并将研究扩展到其他金属材料，展示其广阔的应用前景。

本项目通过光刻法发展了一套制备多种形貌的微纳流控通道的工艺，获得与几何尺寸、形状结构、内部亲疏水表面相关的各个实验参数，通过控制不同的实验参数制备多种形貌的微纳流控通道，并以此为基础制备了微流混合器，以进行后续材料的合成反应研究。本项目探索了利用改变微流控通道结构或者微流混合器内各反应物的流速的方法进行不同形貌的纳米金颗粒的合成，并进一步优化各种反应参数以获得形貌可控的纳米金颗粒，如纳米金锥体等，精细地调控纳米金锥体的结构、形貌、产率、长宽比等参数与微流控通道内各反应物的流速之间的关联关系。在优化微流控通道内纳米金锥体合成反应的同时，以此为研究对象探明微纳流控通道与常规溶液反应合成纳米金颗粒的结果的区别。