妊娠及阴道分娩时肛提肌构型及力学性能变化的研究

Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is a common disease affecting women's health and quality of life. Studies show that pregnancy and vaginal delivery are the main causes of pelvic floor injuries because during these processes, the structure and function of pelvic floor are reshaped due to changes in force direction and level and mechanical properties. In order to improve PFD prevention and recovery for better livelihood, it is necessary to carry out further in-depth studies on this disease. Our research group has been studying ultrasonic images of pelvic floor structure for years, and plans to adopt MRI 3D imaging, diffusion tensor imaging as well as 3D ultrasound volume imaging and shear wave elasticity imaging technologies to study women in their mid and late pregnancy and after giving birth in terms of macro configuration of levator ani muscle, micro configuration of muscle fiber, and morphology, strain ratio, stretch ratio and elastic properties of levator ani muscle. We also plan to use finite element simulation technology to establish levator ani muscle model at the stage of pregnancy and vaginal delivery to study the muscle’s stress-strain characteristics. The results will be compared with postpartum data to prove the effectiveness. The object is to provide key experimental foundation for the study of PFD causes.

盆底功能障碍性疾病是影响女性健康生活质量的常见病，研究表明妊娠和经阴道分娩是引起该病的最主要致病因素，期间盆底结构及功能将发生重塑，肛提肌构型、受力方向、受力大小和力学性能等多方面将发生巨大改变。为提高该病的预防和康复水平，提高女性生活质量，有必要对该病进行深入研究。本课题组已有多年对盆底结构的超声平面影像的研究基础，在此基础上拟进一步采用磁共振三维重建技术、磁共振弥散张量成像技术，联合三维超声容积成像及剪切波弹性成像等功能，研究中晚孕及产后女性的肛提肌宏观构型、肌纤维微观构型，肛提肌形态学特点以及肛提肌收缩性、延展性、弹性特点等力学性能，并结合有限元分析技术建立孕期及分娩期肛提肌有限元模型研究其应力应变性能，进而与产后获得的数据进行比较验证，从而为该病的发病机制的研究提供重要实验依据。

盆底功能障碍性疾病严重影响女性健康生活质量，研究表明妊娠和经阴道分娩是引起该病的最主要致病因素，期间盆底结构及功能将发生重塑，肛提肌构型、受力方向、受力大小和力学性能等多方面将发生巨大改变。本课题组在盆底结构超声影像的研究基础上，进一步采用磁共振三维重建技术、磁共振弥散张量成像技术，构建肛提肌的宏观立体构型和纤维微观构型，研究肛提肌形态学特点以及肛提肌收缩性、延展性、弹性特点、应力应变性能等力学性能，并结合有限元分析技术建立分娩期肛提肌有限元模型，研究阴道分娩过程中肛提肌应力应变性能，明确了妊娠期和分娩期女性盆底结构的生理变化，为盆底功能障碍性疾病的发病机制提供重要实验依据。