高性能光电化学传感器构建及用于尿汞的实时检测研究

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor is a newly emerged yet dynamically developing technique for various promising application including clinical diagnosis, environmental monitoring and food safety detection. Heterojunction, two kinds of semiconductor binding compounds, show great promise for photoactive materials owning to its attractive and unique photoelectric properties. Owing to the adsorption and optics properties, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) combine with heterojunction to build miniaturized PEC sensor. The purpose of the studying urine mercury detection method is to realize real-time and convenient low abundance detection. The aim of the project is to explore and construct miniaturized PEC sensor and real-time, convenient quantitative strategy for the analysis and detection of mercury in urine by using nanotechnology and nanomaterials. Detailedly, the project consisted for the following issues: (i) to construct a novel PEC sensor for the monitoring mercury based on photoelectric nanomaterials coupled with mimic-enzyme catalysis amplification; (ii) to explore miniaturized PEC sensor for trace concentrations of mercury in urine based on high-throughput detection; (iii) to exploit new, fast, real-time and low abundance detection approach for improving the sensitivity detection of mercury in urine. More importantly, this project will provide a useful tool for various scientific research fields relating to the national production and public security (e.g. clinical analysis and rapid, real-time quantitative analysis, etc.)

光电化学传感是一种检测技术，在临床诊断、环境检测和食品安全等诸多领域中有着广阔的应用前景。异质结材料以其独特的光电性质展现出作为光电活性材料的巨大潜能，并结合MOFs材料在吸附及光学领域的独特性能构建微型化光电化学传感器。而对尿汞检测方法的研究，其目的是实现实时便捷的低丰度检测。本项目拟将微型化光电传感器引入尿汞分析中，结合纳米材料的巨大优势，构建用于尿汞检测的光电传感及便捷实时定量模式。具体内容：(1) 基于光电纳米材料与模拟酶催化放大技术构建一系列高灵敏汞离子传感器；(2) 构建一系列微型化光电传感模式用于微量浓度汞离子分析，为高通量检测提供技术平台；(3) 研究便捷检测模式，提高尿汞检测灵敏度，为快速实时低丰度分析方法提供技术平台。本研究成果为尿汞检测提供新的技术方案，有望在我国临床分析检测和快速实时定量等国民生活生产相关的科学领域发挥重大的作用。

灵敏和快速实现复杂体系中重金属离子（汞离子和铅离子）和人体肾上腺皮质激素（如：皮质醇）检测在临床诊断、环境监测和食品安全等诸多领域有着重要的意义。光电化学传感分析方法以其优异的特性成为临床诊断、环境检测和食品安全等诸多领域中的检测利器。光活性材料及信号放大模式对于光电化学传感体系的构建至关重要。本项目将新型光活性材料偶联信号放大技术引入至检测平台建立一系列传感检测新技术和新方法。具体内容：（i）基于g-C3N4-CdS-CuO复合材料联合氧化还原循环信号放大策略的自供电光电化学传感体系用于汞离子的检测研究；（ii）基于TiO2/CdIn2S4/ g-C3N4-WO3光阳极的自供电光电化学传感体系联合生物氧化还原循环扩增用于Hg2+的敏感检测检测研究；（iii）基于Cu3(BTC)2和Au/PAMAM信号放大的光电化学传感体系用于铅离子的检测研究；（iv）基于TiO2/CuInS2敏化结构的光电化学免疫传感体系用于唾液中皮质醇的检测研究；（v）基于银纳米簇与CdS量子点离子交换反应的光电化学传感体系用于皮质醇的检测研究；（vi）基于抗体-适配体夹心模式与酶催化扩增的双模传感体系用于皮质醇的检测研究。该项研究实现了对尿液、水体及唾液中汞离子、铅离子及皮质醇的初步检测应用，为进一步商业化提供理论依据。