基于多源数据集成的矿山三维地质模拟理论与应用研究

According to the present situation in China, the developing trend of technology and the demand of application, a theoretical system of 3D geological modelling called “integration-model-verification-application” is proposed in this research with the blend of modern technology. Through analyzing and extracting the geological data in the aspects of the source, kind, format, etc., an architecture will be developed with the integration of geological data as its foundation, the mathematical model of complex geological structure and multidimensional dynamic modeling as its core, spatial data quality control and evaluation as its control measure, and theory application as its objective. 3D geological modelling can be achieved by analyzing the theory models and examining the concrete examples in the virtual geological reality. A new practical theory and method for 3D geological modelling is put forward, based on the situation of geological prospect in China, which should be able to resolve some important difficult problems such as traditional simulations depended on many sample data, the modeling geological phenomena, the uncertainty of geological spatial data and the lack of estimate for the precision and reliability of models, etc. It can help to provide a feasible approach to access representation, dynamic simulation and space-time analysis of multi-dimensional geological data and their application. The methodology will be able to be extended to wide application areas, as well as supply an open and effective foundation platform of geology for e.g.,developing the mining industry, utilization and protection of mineral resources, defending and reducing disaster practice, and environmental engineering and underground engineering.

本项目立足现代科学技术交融前沿，采用多学科综合研究的思路，结合中国现状和未来技术、应用发展需求，提出“集成-模型-验证-应用”三维地质模拟理论体系，以矿山地质数据集成为基础、地质构造空间形态数学模型和多维动态建模为核心、数据质量评价和验证为手段、理论应用为目标的技术构架。提出符合我国矿山地质勘探国情的实用型三维地质模拟理论和方法，解决现有三维地质模拟方法依赖大量样本数据、复杂地质现象动态建模、地质数据不确定性及缺乏模型精度与可靠性评价等关键理论方法和技术难题。在虚拟地质环境中进行理论模型分析和具体实例验证，实现矿山三维地质模拟，为多维地质数据的存取表达、动态模拟、时空分析及应用提供一条切实可行的有效途径。拓宽这一理论和方法的应用范围，为矿产资源勘探、开发利用、矿区环境保护、矿井灾害防治与应急救灾等多学科理论和应用研究提供一个开放式崭新的地质基础平台。

本项目立足现代科学技术交融前沿，采用多学科综合研究的思路，结合中国现状和未来技术、应用发展需求，提出“集成-模型-验证-应用”三维地质模拟理论体系。1）充分利用有效的矿山地质数据、监测数据和资源等，提出了基于物联网的多源数据集成技术方法，对各类设备、多源数据、异构系统进行资源融合，建立了云环境下动态信息资源“一张图”，推动信息共享；2）针对现有勘探数据，采用多参数断层数学模型，通过断层网络分析、断层插值、断层数据融合等方法，实现断层网络建模，适用于数据丰富或采样数据稀疏的石油、地矿等领域；提出了基于ANN的小构造预测模型和基于特征学习的隐伏断层预测模型，实现采掘工作面前方断层的动态预测。设计了矿井水灾预警可视化模型，提出了地下水渗流场数值模拟、矿井水害预测评价、多维动态模拟与分析等方法，提出了矿井巷道水害蔓延模型及矿井水害快速判识方法；在此基础上，结合人员危险性评价等，提出了时变最早到达路径算法，实现应急逃生动态实时模拟及可视化；3）在勘探数据采集、多源数据集成、模拟过程等各个环节中进行空间数据质量控制与评价，提高三维模拟的精度与可靠性；4）结合矿区采掘进度、地质条件、水文地质条件等，采用物联网、大数据、云计算、人工智能等技术，提出了基于多源数据集成的矿山三维地质模拟理论与应用体系；研发了具有我国自主知识产权的模拟仿真系统（MWS）。项目成果在工程实际中成功应用，进行理论模型分析和具体实例验证，为矿产资源勘探、开发利用、矿区环境保护、矿井灾害防治与应急救灾等多学科理论和应用研究提供一个开放式崭新的地质基础平台。研究成果在Computers & Geosciences、Water Resources Research、Mine Water and the Environment、Safety Science、煤炭学报等期刊上发表。