在带有微通道的特种光纤内实现微尺寸燃烧及其观测的研究

The demand of Micro combustion came from the urgent power demand of small aircrafts, micro robots, individual combat system and all kinds of portable electronic devices. These devices are mostly driven by the traditional chemical batteries. However, the chemical battery has the disadvantages of low energy density, large volume and weight, and long charging time. If the stable and efficient micro combustion can be achieved, the micro power devices and systems based on micro combustion will have great potential to compete with chemical batteries. However, the measurement of micro combustion is a difficulty based on electronic sensors. This project proposes to observe the micro combustion in the micro-channels of special optical fiber based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology. The more effective data of micro combustion expects to be obtained to understand the micro combustion better. Two types of special micro structured optical fibers, capillary suspended core optical fibers and two-hole optical fibers, will be designed and fabricated for micro combustion. The project will benefit the developments of distributed optical fiber sensing and micro combustion at the same time. The micro power system integrated in optical fiber is also expected.

微尺寸燃烧的需求来自于不断涌现的微小型飞行器、微小机器人、单兵作战系统以及各种便携式电子设备对动力的迫切需求。目前，这些设备大都由传统的化学电池驱动。化学电池存在使用时间短、体积和重量大、充电时间长等缺点。而基于微尺寸燃烧的动力装置，有望解决这些问题。但当燃烧局限在微小空间，燃烧的稳定性差，易发生淬熄。探索稳定的微尺寸燃烧规律，现成为重要研究方向。而缺乏微尺寸燃烧的测试手段成了制约其发展的瓶颈。本项目旨在探索在带有微通道的特种光纤内实现微尺寸燃烧；发展特种光纤的分布式传感技术，解决微尺寸燃烧的测试难题，为细致摸索微尺寸燃烧规律提供扎实的基础实验数据。带有微通道的特种光纤拟重点设计特种毛细管悬挂芯光纤和双孔光纤。微尺寸燃烧测试拟开展基于这两类特种光纤的分布式燃烧温度和燃烧气体成分测试研究。项目的开展必将深度融合特种光纤传感技术和微尺寸燃烧学，并有望发展出基于微尺寸燃烧的光纤内集成微动力系统。

微尺寸燃烧是不断涌现的微小型飞行器、微小机器人、单兵作战系统以及各种便携式电子设备对动力的迫切需求。缺乏微尺寸燃烧的测试手段成为了探索稳定的微尺寸燃烧规律的瓶颈。为探索微尺寸燃烧规律，项目设计制备了两类可用于微尺度燃烧的特种微通道光纤——毛细管悬挂芯光纤和边孔光纤，针对特种光纤预制棒制备难题，例如纤芯或气孔的精确定位，提出了3D打印光纤预制棒工艺，在国际上首次成功制备了基于3D打印光纤预制棒的石英光纤，为特种光纤预制棒的设计及制备提供了新途径；研究了用于温度、液位、弯曲等测量的边孔光纤的系列传感器，为监测微尺寸燃烧奠定理论和实验基础；针对燃烧过程的温度环境，研究了高温下光纤的折射率变化、粘性驰豫等过程，对建立光纤内集成微动力系统具有指导意义。