管内超声速流中爆震起始与传播机理的理论与实验研究

To carry out fundamental investigations on detonation in supersonic flows in tubes has great significance for promoting the development of hypersonic air-breathing propulsion system, but up to now, there is very little literature available on this subject. Hence, the current project intends to conduct in-depth study on the mechanisms of detonation initiation and propagation in supersonic flows, which are the core and most basic problems for detonation in supersonic flows, through the integrated application of high-speed camera, high-speed schlieren, 3D- PIV, PLIF and other advanced combustion process diagnostics and flow measurement technology, combined with the theory of gas dynamics and the knowledge of chemical reaction kinetics. Under the condition of supersonic flows, the following work will be done. Firstly, both the pre-detonation tube ignition technique and the auto-ignition technique based on shock wave induced detonation will be studied and the relevant mechanisms of detonation initiation using the two above ignition techniques will be revealed. Secondly, the propagation of detonation waves will also be investigated to master the propagation law and set up the theoretical model which can describe the quantitative relationships between initial conditions and characteristic parameters of propagating detonation in a supersonic flow. Thirdly, some effort will be made to obtain a variety of detonation wave modes which may exist in supersonic flows and master the control law of the transformation of different detonation wave modes. Additionally, some preliminary work about the pulsed-oscillating detonation waves in supersonic reactive flows will be dealt with to explore the active control law of pulsed-oscillating detonation waves. The aim of this project is to provide the basic theoretical support and technical reserves for supersonic detonation propulsion applications.

开展管内超声速流中爆震问题的基础研究对于推动高超声速飞行器动力系统的发展具有重要意义，但目前该领域的研究成果十分匮乏。因此，通过综合应用高速摄像、高速纹影、3D-PIV、PLIF等先进的燃烧过程诊断及流动测量技术，结合气体动力学理论与化学反应动力学知识，本项目拟对管内超声速流中爆震问题中最为核心和最为基础的爆震起始与传播机理进行深入研究。探索预爆管点火与基于激波诱导爆震的自点火技术并揭示其起爆机理，掌握管内超声流中爆震波的传播规律，建立描述管内超声速流中传播爆震波的特性参数与初始条件定量关系的理论模型，获取超声速流中可能存在的各种爆震波形态，掌握爆震形态转换的控制规律，探索爆震波振荡传播主动控制规律，为超声速爆震推进的应用研究提供最基本的理论支持与技术储备。

开展管内超声速流中爆震问题的基础研究对于推动高超声速飞行器动力系统的发展具有重要意义，但目前该领域的研究成果十分匮乏。因此，本项目对管内超声速流中爆震问题中最为核心和最为基础的爆震起始与传播机理进行深入研究，取得了如下研究成果：（1）验证了低速气流中爆震波传播速度特性吻合理论CJ模型预测；（2）获取了爆震波从预爆管传播进入亚声速流和超声速流中爆震波的演化过程、爆震波结构以及爆速差值，揭示了爆震波顺流传播和逆流传播过程中导致速度差值的内在机制；（3）应用燃烧熵增理论阐述了超声速流中逆流传播的正爆震波应用于推进的理论优势；（4）明确了激波诱导爆震过程中复杂波系相互作用对爆震波起始过程和爆震波存在形态的影响，获得了各种可能的爆震波存在形态以及逆流传播正爆震波向驻定斜爆震波转换的临界条件；（5）明确了能量均匀分布条件下控制非理想爆震波传播和熄灭的内在机制，验证并发展了适用于不同约束条件下的均匀可爆混合物中非理想爆震波传播的理论预测模型；（6）建立了能量非均匀分布条件下非理想爆震波传播的定量分析模型，定量揭示了熄爆临近极限区域空间非均匀性对非理想爆震波结构、爆震波传播与熄灭的影响。. 本项目完成了研究内容，达到了预定研究目标。出版学术专著1部；授权发明专利1项；发表国际期刊研究论文2篇，SCI检索2篇次、EI检索2篇次；参加国际会议6次并作口头报告；承办国内学术会议1次，在国内学术会议上作邀请报告1次、分组报告2次。