疾病相关痕量呼气标记物的高性能气体传感器研究

This project combines the gas sensing properties and sensing mechanism of gas sensors on the exhaled disease markers, intends to build a high performance gas sensor with high sensitivity, high recognition and high humidity resistance. The aim is to achieve rapid and accurate detection of disease related trace expiratory markers (NH3 and 2-butanone), to realize the prejudgement and diagnosis of liver and stomach related diseases. In order to achieve high sensitive towards trace gas, the strategy combines hierarchical, porous oxides and graphene composite has been used to improve the utilization rate, conductance and adsorption characteristics of sensing materials. To realize the high-accuracy identification of the target gas, sensitive elements (noble metals, transition metals and alkali metal) are used to modify the sensing materials to enhance the catalytic activity and the sensitizing effect. To achieve high humidity resistance detection in high humidity environment, UV light and thiourea treatment are used to decompose and depress water vapor. The optimum modification strategy is explored to solve the practical detection problems of low concentration, multi interference gases and high humidity of human exhaled disease markers, so as to realize the development of high-performance gas sensors. This project can not only provide key technologies for portable medical testing equipment, but also have great significance in developing low-cost medical and gas sensing devices with independent intellectual property rights in China.

本项目结合气体传感器对人体呼气疾病标记物的气敏特性和敏感机理，拟构建一种高灵敏、高识别、高抗湿的高性能气体传感器，旨在实现对人体呼气中痕量疾病相关物（NH3和2-丁酮）的快速、精准检测，进而实现对肝和胃相关病变的预判和诊断。本项目拟利用敏感材料分等级化-多孔化-石墨烯复合的多级增感策略对敏感体利用率、电导特性和吸附特性进行综合提升，实现高灵敏检测；拟利用增感元素的催化活性和敏化效应，对敏感体系进行修饰改性，实现高识别检测；拟利用UV光照和硫脲处理的抗湿性优化方案，分解检测环境中的水汽并抑制水汽吸附，实现高抗湿检测。通过本项目的执行，考量敏感体系的最佳改性方案，拟解决人体呼气疾病标记物低浓度、多干扰、高湿度的实际检测难题，实现高性能气体传感器的研制和开发。本项目的实施，不仅可以为便携式医疗检测设备提供关键技术，而且对发展我国自主知识产权的低成本医疗和气敏器件具有十分重要的意义。

在医疗检测领域中，将气体传感器集成到各种可穿戴智能电子设备上，通过对人体呼气疾病相关标记物进行痕量检测，是实现对人体疾病非入侵式检测的关键手段。本项目在实施过程中，构建出了一系列高灵敏 、高识别、高抗湿的高性能气体传感器，在实现对人体呼气中痕量疾病相关物的快速、精准检测方面有明显成效。本项目利用敏感材料分等级化-多孔化的多级增感策略对敏感体利用率、电导特性和吸附特性进行综合提升，实现高灵敏检测；利用增感元素的催化活性和敏化效应，对敏感体系进行修饰改性，实现高识别检测；利用异价离子处理的敏感体系，分解检测环境中的水汽并抑制水汽吸附，实现高抗湿检测。项目检测的目标气体多集中于呼气疾病标记物（如：NH3, 2-丁酮，丙酮），且对糖尿病呼气标记物（丙酮）效果最为显著。其中Co3O4体系中通过分等级结构构筑、Ni元素掺杂，对NH3的检测温度可降低至80°C，理论最低检测下限可达50 ppb。针对AB2O4体系多孔微球进行模板及元素调控，对2-丁酮的理论检测下限可达350 ppb，对500 ppb浓度的响应值为2.7。此外，在抗湿方面，利用异价离子掺杂，传感器在高湿度90%RH的条件下，灵敏度提升30%。本项目基本完成预期指标，个别指标超出计划书要求。通过对人体呼气标记物高性能气体传感器的研制及开发，不仅为便携式医疗检测设备提供关键技术，而且对发展我国自主知识产权的低成本医疗和气敏器件具有十分重要的意义。.在项目完成的过程中，课题组已在Sensors and Actuators B、Journal of Chemistry: C等权威刊物上发表SCI论文15篇，引用80余次;申请国家发明专利5项。已经培养研究生20名(其中5名博士生、14名硕士生)。