核盘菌营养体不亲和性相关基因的克隆与功能研究

Many kinds of mycoviruses have been found in Sclerotinia sclerotiorom which could reduce the virulence of the fungus. All of these mycoviruses have well biocontrol potential, while the complex vegetative compatibility groups of S. sclerotiorom restict the spread of the hypovirulence associated viruses. This study intends to establish the vegetative incompatibility interaction system in S. sclerotiorom, screen and identificate vegetative incompatibility genes and other vegetative incompatibility related genes combined with differential expression profiling and bioinformatics technologies, explore the roles and mechanisms of these genes in the process of vegetative incompatibility through gene induced expression, gene knockout and gene silencing technologies. Completion of the project will help us to understand the molecular mechanism of the process of vegetative incompatibility induced programmed cell death in S. sclerotiorom, and to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for overcoming the vegetative incompatibility barrier which restricts virus spread and for development of fungicides based on inducing fungi specific apoptosis. In addition, for viral parasitic and vegetative incompatibility phenomenon are very common in fungi, the establishment of the methods to weaken the vegetative incompatibility and improve the spread of the hypovirulence associated viruses also have important reference value for the prevention and treatment of other crop fungal diseases.

现已发现多种真菌病毒能够显著降低核盘菌的致病力，具有良好的生防潜力。但核盘菌具有非常复杂的营养体亲和群，严重限制了弱毒相关病毒在田间的扩散效率。本研究拟以核盘菌为研究材料，建立营养体不亲和互作系统，结合Solexa表达谱差异分析与生物信息学技术，筛选、鉴定营养体不亲和基因和其它影响营养体不亲和反应的相关基因，通过基因诱导表达及基因敲除或沉默等技术阐明其在营养体不亲和过程中的作用及机制。项目的完成将有助于我们理解核盘菌营养体不亲和诱发的程序性细胞死亡过程的分子机制，为克服营养体不亲和性对弱毒相关病毒高效防控菌核病的阻碍、开发以诱导真菌特异的细胞凋亡为基础的杀菌剂等提供理论依据和技术支持。此外，病毒寄生和营养体不亲和现象在真菌中普遍存在，研究核盘菌营养体不亲和引起的程序性细胞死亡过程，建立人为削弱营养体不亲和反应以促进弱毒相关病毒传播的技术方法，对其它作物真菌病害的防治也具有重要的参考价值。

现已发现多种真菌病毒能够显著降低核盘菌的致病力，具有良好的生防潜力。但核盘菌具有非常复杂的营养体亲和群，严重限制了弱毒相关病毒在田间的扩散效率。本研究拟以核盘菌为研究材料，建立营养体不亲和互作系统，结合表达谱差异分析与生物信息学技术，筛选、鉴定营养体不亲和基因和其它影响营养体不亲和反应的相关基因，通过基因诱导表达及基因敲除或沉默等技术阐明其在营养体不亲和过程中的作用及机制。首次在核盘菌中鉴定出了一个带有HET domain的营养体不亲和基因，并对核盘菌中的一个细胞凋亡抑制基因SsBir1的功能进行了较为深入的研究。这些研究结果将促进我们对核盘菌营养体不亲和诱发的程序性细胞死亡过程的进一步了解，以克服营养体不亲和性对弱毒相关病毒防控植物病原真菌病害的限制。