The MHCI-TCR-CD8-based cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response is first found in jawed fish, i.e., grass carp, but absent in jawless fish. Studies of grass carp CTL can help us to understand the cellular immunity gestalt,how did CTL system arise in jawed fish? And its composition, structures, function, and regulation mechanism will have been clarified. Moreover, the CTL response might fight myriad pathogens in fish can provide important principles for understanding the evolution of the adaptive immunity. Besides that, the study can build a theoretical basis for breeding of disease-resistant grass carp and development of therapeutic vaccines. As these results, we have to prepare a series of monoclonal antibodies that are anti-grass carp CD8 and MHCI molecules, and isolate the CD8+CD4- MHCI+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes from grass carp. More than one millions of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and 15 thousands CTL-associated genes will have been obtained and sequenced. The regulation-related pathways, cell signaling, CTL surface markers in normal lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes of grass carp will have been clarified. Next, we further clone and analyze the MHC class I alleles in grass carp, and express and purify the MHC I, B2m and CD8 protein molecules. The experiment platform and epitope database for critical viruses in grass carp will have been established by the in vitro refolding method. The MHCI-peptide-B2m complex (pMHCI) and MHCI-peptide-B2m-CD8 complex (pMHCI-CD8) will have been crystallized using the hanging-drop vapor diffusion technique. The mechanism of presention epitopes and so on in jawed fish will have been elucidated at the atomic level. So that, we have to establish a platform to verify CTL epitopes from grass carp reovirus (GCRV)and spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV). Finally, we will carry out the objective to design and exploit therapeutic molecule vaccine, and try to control diseases by immunogenetics.
最早出现细胞毒性T细胞(CTL)免疫应答的动物是有颌鱼类。因此研究鱼类(草鱼)CTL免疫应答的结构与功能以及免疫调控机理的科学意义可从源头阐明CTL免疫应答的分子机制,可确立遗传控制鱼类病毒性疾病以及研发其治疗性疫苗的理论。本研究首先制备草鱼CD8和MHCI单抗,用单抗分离正常CTL和特异CD8+CD4-CTL细胞,从中获得100万ESTs;比较鱼类CTL应答在分子与生化途经上的差异;阐明草鱼CTL表面标志、信号传导与调控通路。表达纯化MHCI、B2m和CD8分子;悬滴法结晶MHCI-多肽-B2m(pMHCI)及其与CD8的复合体;从原子水平阐述鱼类pMHCI呈递病毒表位肽以及结合共刺激分子的机理。用体外复性法筛选草鱼病毒CTL表位库,建立四聚体体外鉴定CTL表位平台,获得其重要病毒CTL表位。表达IFN、粒酶、穿孔素类分子,研究其对CTL应答的调控。确立遗传控制草鱼病和治疗性疫苗的理论。
中国农业大学夏春主持了鱼类细胞毒性T细胞免疫应答的结构与功能基础及其调控机理国家基金委重点项目(31230074),各项指标与任务均达到任务书的要求。 鱼类是最早出现细胞毒性T 细胞 (CTL)免疫的脊椎动物,研究鱼类CTL 免疫应答的结构与功能的主要科学意义是可从源头阐明CTL 免疫应答的分子机制,确立遗传控制鱼类病毒性疾病以及研发其治疗性疫苗的理论与平台。本项目首先制备草鱼CD8、CD4 和MHC I 分子的单克隆抗体库,用单抗分离了草鱼CTL特异CD8+CD4-CTL,CD8-CD4+CTL,CD8+CD4-CTL淋巴细胞,从中获得100 万条以上的EST;根据基因的表达水平,筛选Con A刺激前后差异表达的基因,将基因进行功能注释和代谢通路分析,以此阐释草鱼T淋巴细胞增殖和激活的作用机制、CTL 标志、信号传导与调控通路。利用数字基因表达谱技术(DGE),测定了草鱼细胞系感染SVCV病毒0, 16, 32, 48小时的4个转录组,共1.56亿条EST序列,动态监测了草鱼细胞对抗病毒感染的不同时象的免疫反应情况。最后用荧光定量PCR验证了它们在抗病毒感染时的作用。这些成果为阐明鱼类抗病毒免疫反应的代谢和分子机制奠定了基础,为鱼类病毒病的防治提供了线索和依据。随后,表达、纯化了草鱼MHCI、β2m 和CD8 分子;结晶了草鱼Citd-MHCI-β2m (p/UAA)复合体、Ctid-β2m-I/II复合体以及β2m: Dare-β2m I/II复合体和Ctid-CD8αα-p/UAA复合物;结构学分析发现,在进化早期的硬骨鱼类中,MHC I分子的结构已经具备了抗原结合槽识别及呈递多肽的作用模式,以及与β2m、CD8等分子的结合模式,但是依旧保留着一些祖先分子的结构学特征。这些结构从原子水平阐释了草鱼抗病毒MHCI等位基因递呈多肽的机制。其次,从原子水平阐述草鱼p/MHCI 呈递出血病和鲤春病毒表位肽以及结合共刺激分子的机理。用体外复性法筛选草鱼病毒CTL 表位库,建立四聚体体外评价CTL 表位技术。克隆、表达了IFN、粒酶、穿孔素类分子。发表了署名项目编号的SCI论文16篇,待发表论文6篇以上。申请了3项专利。总之,本课题的研究结果引领了鱼类结构免疫学及MHC抗原呈递的进展,对我国主要经济鱼类-草鱼免疫学及病害防治有实质性贡献。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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