社会网络增进小微企业贷款可得性作用机理研究

There has been little research on the functional mechanism of social network in promoting credit availability of small and micro enterprises (SME). This project aims at theory building to fill this gap within the extant literature on the basis of Chinese enterprises management practice. Based on the previous case study of Zhejiang Tailong Commercial Bank, this project will further summarize dimension scales of those SME's network features, network effects, credit availability, the relationship between network features and network effects, as well as the relationship between network effects and credit availability. The project will also construct a more complete and original model and theory of social network mechanism in promoting credit availability of SME based on a multi-case study method. Measuring scales will be designed independently and the empirical data will be collected based on the multi-case study by both tracking those SME and conducting a questionnaire survey from client managers working in the banks who provide loans to SME. Finally, the project will examine both the main dimension levels and sub-dimension levels by employing multiple regression models and meanwhile comprehensively inspect the influence of network effects on credit availability refining to sub-dimension level by employing structural equation models. The empirical study will make the model and theory raised by multi-case study on the functional mechanism of social network promoting credit availability of small and micro enterprises more general, precise and systematic.

国内外有关社会网络增进小微企业贷款可得性作用机理的研究还非常缺乏，本项目旨在基于中国企业管理实践进行相关理论构建的研究。本项目在前期泰隆银行单案例研究的基础上，通过多案例研究进一步提炼和归纳与小微企业贷款相关的网络特征、网络作用、贷款可得性以及网络特征与网络作用关系、网络作用对贷款可得性影响的维度量表，构建完全原创的社会网络增进小微企业贷款可得性作用机理模型与理论。根据多案例研究的结果，本项目自主设计维度测量量表和调查问卷，通过跟踪样本小微企业和面向银行资深客户经理的问卷调查获取实证数据；利用多元回归模型实证检验主维度层面的关系维度，并进一步检验子维度层面的关系维度；利用结构方程模型综合检验网络作用与贷款可得性细化到子维度层面的关系维度。通过实证检验使多案例研究所提出的社会网络增进小微企业贷款可得性作用机理模型与理论更具有普遍性、精细性和系统性。

小微企业的成长与发展是中国经济增长和腾飞的生力军，而融资问题又是小微企业成长与发展的绊脚石。因此，发掘小微企业的融资渠道、为小微企业创造良好的融资环境、建立小微企业与融资机构的桥梁是本项目研究的主旨。纵观已有文献，尽管已有研究发现社会网络理论可以用来解释小微企业融资的可得性，然而还没有深入到贷款、风险投资等具体的融资工具。本项目根据小微企业和融资机构访谈的一手资料，提炼和发现小微企业社会网络的特征维度，以及各维度对企业融资可得性的影响。本项目以中国管理实践为基础构建小微企业社会网络特征维度以及对融资可得性影响的机理模型，在案例研究的基础上进一步进行大样本的多元回归和结构方程检验，采用问卷调查、上市公司数据进行实证检验，最终发现并验证小微企业社会网络多个特征维度对其融资可得性的影响机理。本项目比较系统地构建了基于社会网络的小微企业融资可得性理论，并为提高小微企业融资效率、降低融资成本提供了理论依据。