物质-社会空间耦合视阈下农村居民点转型机理与效应研究：以山东省为例

Rural residential land in China is undergoing profound changes by the influences of the integration of urban and rural development and national land use policies. As one of the basic means to promote the urban and rural land consolidation and rural transformation development, it is of great significance to deeply understand the rules of rural residential land transition and analyze its operation mechanism and effects. However, current researchers mainly consider the explicit space form of rural residential land, tend to neglect its implicit social structure and their coupling relationships. Under these conditions, this project will try to making a comprehensive and in-depth research on rural residential land transition from the prospective of coupling of physical and social space. Firstly, physical and social spaceˊs structure elements of rural residential land will be deconstructed based on the space production theory and land use transition principle, relied on which theoretical model and measure system of rural residential land transition will be developed to support the later studies. And then, the space-time rule of rural residential land transition will be revealed quantitatively from the comprehensive view of micro point and macro polygone, the dynamic factors system, action mechanism and coupling model will be analyzed deeply. Afterwards, the mutual feedback effects of different models will be evaluated from five aspects including economic effect，social effect, resources effect, environmental effect and ecological effect, and the regulatory paths will be discussed in the view of national policy orientation. Among those activities, methods of “3S”, field research and mathematical model analysis will be employed based on multi-resources date. Consequently, the project can promote the research system construction of rural residential land, which would enrich the research theories of land use transition, and suggest ways for national policy adjustment or new policy formulation, as well as provide guidance on current events of land resources management, such as rural land consolidation, village planning and building and beautiful countryside construction, etc..

受城乡一体化发展和国家土地利用政策的影响，我国农村居民点用地正在发生深刻变化，全面认识农村居民点转型规律并深入探析其运行机理与效应机制，是有序推进城乡用地整合和农村转型发展的科学基础。但当前多以农村居民点的显性空间形态为研究对象，少有对其承载的隐性社会形态和空间-社会耦合关系进行系统研究。本项目基于空间生产理论和土地利用转型原理，综合运用“3S”技术、实地调查和数理模型等手段与方法，系统解构农村居民点物质与社会空间结构要素，定量考察农村居民点转型的时空规律，深入辨析农村居民点物质-社会空间转型与耦合的动力体系、作用机制和耦合模式，全面评价农村居民点转型的“经济-社会-资源-环境-生态”互馈效应，并针对国家政策取向探讨农村居民点转型调控策略。在理论上丰富土地利用显性与隐性综合转型研究的理论与方法体系，在政策上为国家政策调整和新政制定提出建议，在实践上为农村土地整治和美丽乡村建设提供决策支持。

受城乡一体化发展和国家土地利用政策的影响，我国农村居民点用地正在发生深刻变化，全面认识农村居民点转型规律并深入探析其运行机理与效应机制，是有序推进城乡用地整合和农村转型发展的科学基础。但当前多以农村居民点的显性空间形态为研究对象，少有对其承载的隐性社会形态和空间-社会耦合关系进行系统研究。本项目基于农村居民点复杂系统特征，在进行农村居民点多维形态及其转型过程的理论认识基础上，综合研究区地域要素禀赋的差异性特征，按照宏观与微观相结合和“以点映面”的逻辑思维，构建了集单一指标和综合指标表征的农村居民点形态及其转型识别的指标与方法体系，从数量结构、时序演变、空间分异等角度，利用多元数理统计与计量模型，揭示了研究区省级和县域宏观尺度、以及平谷区、禹城市、宁津县等村域微观尺度下农村居民点转型的一般规律、驱动因素和形成机理，利用系统耦合理论和行动者网络原理研制了农村居民点转型驱动乡村整体发展和内部多维协同发展的框架体系，探析了农村居民点转型对乡村发展的影响过程、时空特征和案例经验，从政策制度方面归纳出农村居民点转型对乡村发展的启示。研究显示，山东省农村居民点形态在空间上均存在空间集聚的正相关性，空间分布分别呈现“递进式”“圈层式”和“镶嵌式”格局。农村居民点转型整体表现出从低级到高级经济梯度的递减规律，具有明显的区域不充分和不均衡性，仅在局部地区呈现出倒“U”型演变特征，这种是自然地理条件、社会经济条件和政策制度环境等多因素综合作用的结果。农村人口流动与农村居民点用地变化之间的协调关系决定了加快推进乡村发展的过程，并在中心城镇到外围呈递减趋势，农村居民点转型对人类行动者利益回应性相对比较好、功能水平有所提高。政策制度、技术工程、产业扶持等差别化治理模式是推进农村居民点可持续性利用和乡村振兴的关键。本项目研究成果可在农村土地管理、村庄规划、乡村空间重构、乡村振兴规划等方面进行应用。