基于RBAC和BIM的地铁综合管线协同设计方法研究

Due to the intricate spatial layout and non-integrated disciplines used for the design, the effective and accurate coordination and interaction are scarce during the design process, leading to the poor collaboration and severe cross interference in the conventional 2D model of metro integrated pipelines.In view of the above problems,this study proposed a collaborative design method of subway comprehensive pipeline based on role-based access control(RBAC) and building information model (BIM).What's more,this method can realize information sharing and control the coordination of data exchanges and activities among different design professionals with the aid of BIM and RBAC. It includes the following several aspects:1)Based on BIM technology, relational data model and the IFC standard,it establishes the data storage and access mechanism facing to the collaborative design in order to improve the data adaptation and exchange ability. 2)The interaction requirements of BIM design information of different design stages, different professionals and different users are studied and an activity cooperation-constraint relationship between different design professional roles based on RBAC in order to establish a multi-specialty collaborative design method of subway comprehensive pipeline are build. 3) The system architecture of collaborative design of subway comprehensive line is build and the corresponding prototype system is developed .This study can not only standardize design process but also improve design efficiency and quality so that it can offer new methods of design and management in engineering design field and rich BIM theories and application researches.

地铁综合管线空间布局复杂，且由于设计过程中各专业相互独立，缺乏有效、精准的协调与互动，使得其在常规的二维设计模式下，存在协同性差、设计效率与质量低下等问题。鉴于上述问题，本研究提出基于角色访问控制（RBAC）和建筑信息模型（BIM）的地铁综合管线协同设计方法，借助BIM实现信息共享，借助RBAC控制不同设计专业间的数据交换与活动的协调运行。包括：1）基于BIM技术、关系数据模型及IFC标准，建立面向协同设计的数据存储与访问机制，提高数据的适应和交换能力；2）研究不同设计阶段、不同专业、不同用户的设计BIM信息交互需求，设计基于RBAC的各设计专业角色之间的活动合作—制约关系，建立地铁综合管线的多专业协同设计方法；3）搭建地铁综合管线协同设计的系统架构，并研发相应的原型系统。本研究能够规范设计流程，提高设计效率和质量，有助于为工程设计领域提供新的设计和管理方法，丰富BIM理论及应用研究。

借助于BIM技术的优势，实现信息共享，利用RBAC技术有效地控制不同专业角色间的数据交换与活动的协调运行，解决了地铁综合管线多专业设计协同性差、设计效率低下、管线交叉干扰严重、施工返工频繁等问题。本研究通过创建BIM模式下地铁综合管线协同设计流程，设计面向协同设计的数据存储与访问机制，建立RBAC和BIM相结合的多专业协同设计方法，开发了协同设计平台，有效地解决协同过程中工作流的分解静态性与过程动态性之间的矛盾，控制各专业空间资源的共享与分配，合理地再造协同工作的流程，从整体上提高设计效率和质量，减少施工返工次数，节省工程建造成本，降低运营维护难度，提高设计企业的信息技术与信息管理水平。