基于数据包络分析的委托人与高管团队效率研究

The typical characteristics of the principal-agent (PA) relationship such as multiple decision makers, inconsistent objectives, asymmetric information (unobservable effort) and authorization have significant impact on the performances of the principal and the top management team, which further affects the decision making of both parties. Based on the PA theory and DEA approach, this project intends to explore the efficiencies of the principal and the top management team by incorporating different characteristics. The key elements and characteristics which influence the efficiency are refined and corresponding DEA models are established. In addition, we summarize the typical cooperation patterns, and analyze the influence mechanisms of different cooperation patterns on efficiency. Moreover, we build efficiency evaluation models incorporating effort level, objective consistency and authorization level. As a consequence, the influence mechanisms of different characteristics on efficiency are studied. This will overcome the limitations of traditional PA theory to a certain extent. Specifically, it can promote innovation of the PA theory. This project will propose several new DEA models focusing on multiple decision makers, unobservable variables and non-discretionary factors and other topics. Expectedly, it will expend application of the DEA method. The research results of the project will help enrich the operation management and human resource management. The methods proposed also have significant effects on implementing high-performance incentive strategies.

委托代理关系表现出多决策主体、目标不一致、信息不对称（努力程度不可观测）、授权等典型特征，对委托人与高管团队的绩效产生较大影响，进而影响双方决策。项目拟以委托代理关系的特征为着眼点，结合DEA方法，探究两个独立决策主体的效率评价问题。项目提炼影响两决策主体的关键要素和特征指标，建立二者效率评价的DEA模型；归纳二者的合作方式，分析不同合作方式对效率的影响机理；探析典型特征对效率的影响，构建考虑努力程度、目标一致性和授权程度的效率评价模型。这将在一定程度上克服传统委托代理理论的局限性并推动其创新。项目提出包括多决策主体、不可观测变量、不可控因素等主题在内的DEA新模型，将拓宽DEA应用领域。相关研究成果将有助于丰富运作管理与人力资源管理理论，对企业实施高效激励策略具有较强的指导意义。

企业（委托人）与高管团队（代理人）之间的委托代理关系一直是学术界和业界关注的焦点。委托代理关系表现出多决策主体、目标不一致、努力程度不可观测、授权等典型特征，对委托人与高管团队的绩效产生较大影响，进而影响双方决策。本项目将DEA与委托代理理论结合，以委托代理关系的特征为着眼点，探究委托人与高管团队的效率测度问题。项目提出考虑多决策主体、努力程度、目标一致性、授权程度和不确定性因素的效率评价模型。研究表明，合作情形下，高管团队也许会选择一个较低的努力程度。非合作情形下，高管团队可能倾向于付出较高的努力程度。组织产出和激励报酬越不确定，高管团队付出的努力程度就越低。这些研究成果有助于丰富运作管理与人力资源管理理论，对企业实施高效激励策略具有较强的指导意义。