青岛近代德式历史建筑砖石外墙的修复技术适宜性研究

German modern historic buildings which were built during the period of “Leased Tsiaochou” in Qingdao, with typical German architectural style, is an important witness to history and culture at that time. Such buildings which were built in late nineteenth Century to early twentieth Century are currently close to or beyond the normal service life of buildings. Buildings begin to appear aging of materials, recession of the appearance, impairment of aesthetic value, and some are in the danger of damage.. As a load-bearing structure and envelope of German historic building in Qingdao, exterior masonry wall is a major component of the external characteristics of the building, which reflects its aesthetic features of the elements. Owing to complex background of German historic buildings and multilateral defects of masonry walls, the restoration can have a direct impact on the authenticity and durability of historic buildings. Through following the basic principles and particular cases, It is important to seek and making use of the appropriate restoration technology in order to obtain a satisfactory solution.. By means of on-site visual investigation, instrument detection and laboratory analysis, defining the characteristics of materials and construction of German architecture masonry walls, analyzing signs and causes of deterioration, comparing advantages and disadvantages of different restoration technologies, summing up the appropriate restoration technology applicable to masonry wall of German historic buildings, the project plans to find out appropriate restoration technology which is suitable for the characteristics of German historic masonry walls in order to provide reference and support for the masonry wall preservation and restoration of German historic buildings in Qingdao.

青岛近代德式历史建筑是指青岛在德租时期建造的、具有典型德国建筑风格的近代建筑，是特定时期历史与文化的见证。此类建筑建于19世纪晚期至20世纪初期，目前接近或超出正常使用年限，建材出现老化，外观形象衰退，美学价值减损，甚至有损毁之险。砖石外墙作为青岛德式建筑的承重与围护结构，是外在形象的主要组成部分，体现其美学特征。德式建筑形成背景复杂，现状砖石外墙存在的问题也是多方面的，既有共性亦有个性，修复成功与否直接影响历史建筑的真实性与持久性。在遵循基本原则的前提下，针对各类情况，运用适宜修复技术，才能获得理想的解答。. 项目意图借助现场视觉检查、仪器检测与实验室分析相结合的综合检测手段，通过明晰德式建筑砖石外墙材料与构建方式的特点，劣化迹象与成因的分析，修复案例的技术优劣比较，归纳适宜青岛德式历史建筑砖石外墙特点的、有针对性的修复技术，为德式历史建筑外墙保护修复工作提供参考。

青岛德式近代历史建筑是指青岛在德租时期建造的、具有典型德国建筑风格的近代建筑，是特定时期历史与文化的重要见证。此类建筑建于19世纪晚期至20世纪初期，目前接近或超出正常使用年限，建材出现老化，外观形象衰退，美学价值减损，甚至有损毁之险。砖石外墙作为青岛德式历史建筑的承重与围护结构，是外在形象的主要组成部分，体现其美学特征。德式历史建筑形成背景复杂，现状砖石外墙存在的问题也是多方面的，既有共性亦有个性，修复成功与否直接影响历史建筑的真实性与持久性。在遵循基本原则的前提下，针对各类情况，运用适宜修复技术，才能获得理想的解答。. 依据历史资料研究，借助现场视觉检查（简称视检法）、仪器检测与实验室分析，明晰德式建筑砖石外墙材料与构建方式的特点，劣化迹象与成因分析，修复术优劣比较，归纳适用于青岛德式历史建筑砖石外墙特点的、有针对性的修复技术，形成较为系统、科学的砖石外墙修复技术体系。依据不同的材料与劣化状况，分类总结青岛德式建筑砖石外墙适应性修复技术。包括砖石墙体加固技术、砖石替换技术、成型修复技术、墙面清洗技术、灰缝重嵌技术等。对青岛历史建筑保护修复相关技术导则的形成有直接的推动作用和参考价值，对于同时代、同类的历史建筑外墙修复有借鉴和参考作用。