基于大数据平台和文化基因视角的贵州传统村落保护与发展关键技术研究

A total of 426 villages in Guizhou province have been included in the national traditional village list, the quantity of which ranks second in the whole country. As a Minority Nationalities concentrated distribution, the exotic culture of this typical region has also continuous effects, and the characteristics of cultural landscape here is prominent, therefore the protection and development of traditional villages in Guizhou is a formidable task. This study serve the basic law of the foundation and the use about cultural gene under the cultural characterization as a starting point, by using the village cultural characterization and cultural gene relationship for clues, also with the help of large data platform to search and arrange, mine and screen the cultural perception element of traditional village, so that we can discover the village culture gene, which unit plays the most fundamental role behind the cultural characterization, moreover, explore its unique cultural gene fragment, combination law and the reflection in the occurred place, at the same time, analysis on the compatibility between the cultural gene and the space morphology of village culture space morphology. By deducing the hypothesis and test technology, the key technology of large data platform will be form base on cultural characterization of elements in the phases of phenetic analysis, gene analysis, experiment and application, the key technology of health monitoring for traditional culture, the key technology of feedback and repairing for traditional culture gene, aim to provide technical support for the traditional characteristic protection of Guizhou traditional villages, and also could be used as a reference for other areas in China.

贵州省共有426个村落列入国家级传统村落名录，总量居全国第二。作为一个少数民族集中分布、外来文化持续影响的典型地区，贵州传统村落文化景观特性突出，保护发展任务艰巨。研究以文化表征之下文化基因的发现及作用的底层规律为切入点，以村落文化表征与文化基因关系为线索，借助大数据平台搜寻和整理手法，挖掘和筛选传统村落中的文化感知要素，找寻文化表征背后发生最基础作用的层级单元——村落文化基因，探索文化基因片段、组合规律及其在场所空间上的反映，并对文化基因与村落文化空间形态演化进行互适性相关分析。通过推导假设与技术试验，旨在表征分析、基因分析、试验和应用四个阶段形成传统村落文化表征要素的大数据平台架构关键技术；文化基因及作用规律发现、测定、重组、重现关键技术；基于基因分析的传统文化健康侦测关键技术；传统文化基因反馈与修复关键技术，最终为贵州传统村落的特色保护和发展提供技术支撑，并可作为我国其他地区的参考。

贵州省共有724个村落列入中国传统村落名录，总量居全国第一。作为一个少数民族集中分布、外来文化持续影响的典型地区，贵州传统村落文化景观特性突出，保护发展任务艰巨。本研究以文化表征之下文化基因的发现及作用的底层规律为切入点，以村落文化表征与文化基因关系为线索，借助大数据平台搜寻和整理手法，挖掘和筛选传统村落中的文化感知要素，找寻文化表征背后发生最基础作用的层级单元——村落文化基因，探索文化基因片段、组合规律及其在场所空间上的反映，并对文化基因与村落文化空间形态演化进行互适性相关分析。通过推导假设与技术试验，旨在表征分析、基因分析、试验和应用四个阶段形成传统村落文化表征要素的大数据平台架构关键技术；文化基因及作用规律发现、测定、重组、重现关键技术；基于基因分析的传统文化健康侦测关键技术；传统文化基因反馈与修复关键技术。研究的重要结果包括以下方面：1)建立了以大数据平台架构为基础的文化基因表征、基因分析、基因建库、基因转译、基因应用等一系列软件系统，登记软件著作权7项；2）研发成功贵州省世居民族传统村落文化基因及作用规律的发现、测定、重组、重现关键技术，提出基于基因分析的传统文化健康侦测关键技术，传统文化基因反馈与修复关键技术，发表论文6篇，出版著作2部；3)以大数据软件系统和传统村落文化基因关键技术为依托，开展示范应用于贵州省中国传统村落示范村建设实施方案，分别针对贵州省的仡佬族、布依族、苗族、侗族、汉族村落中，挖掘文化基因内涵，形成了以文化空间复兴、文化基因修复等方向的传统村落保护发展规划模式四套，应用于贵州省雷山县麻料村传统村落、赤水市丙安村传统村落、贵阳市镇山村传统村落、务川县龙潭村传统村落、石阡县高桥村传统村落等。最终为贵州传统村落的特色保护和发展提供了技术支撑，并可作为我国其他地区的参考。