创意威客的空间行为模式及对城市创意空间生产的影响机理研究

Creative witkeys (CWs) are those creative workers who produce or sale their products and services through online market. As newly emerged occupations in China CWs grew fast in recent years when internet-based economy coupled with creative industries. This research proposal focuses on the spatial behaviors of CWs and their impacts on production of creative space in the city of Nanjing. With a perspective from behavior geography, rather than on “space” or “industry” as the conventional research engaged with, it aims to examine extensively that what new characteristics, modes and forms these new groups performed in their everyday life activities, as well as what impacts they have on the production of creative space. On the basis of the space concept by David Harvey, who deconstructs the space into three basic dimensions, including absolute space, relative space and relational space, we look at the spatial behaviors of CWs through location choices, everyday life temporal-space behaviors and cyberspace behaviors, as well as the interactions among these activities. To this end, website-data digging technologies, T-GIS, Logistic regression analysis, in-depth interview and questionnaire methods are applied in this study. It is believed that this study can contribute to the understanding of the significance of geographical proximity, places and cyberspaces in the process of production of creative products, under the influences of internet. And it can also be utilized to assist planners and urban policy-makers to improve recent practice in promoting creative city strategy and entrepreneurship in China.

创意威客是快速崛起的中国互联网经济和创意产业交合的产物，属于新兴的职业群体。本项目从创意工作者个体行为的视角出发，以行为分析方法论、哈维的空间概念、创意空间生产等相关理论为基础，构建创意威客的空间行为研究框架，将空间行为分解为绝对空间层面的区位选择行为、相对空间层面的日常时空间行为和关系空间层面的赛博空间行为；选择南京市作为案例地区，运用网络数据挖掘技术、时空间行为分析法、回归分析法、深度访谈和问卷调查法等，分别解析创意威客以上三种空间行为的模式、特征与影响因子，以及各行为之间的互动关系；进一步从 “空间生产”和 “关系生产”两个方面深入剖析创意威客的空间行为对城市创意空间生产的影响机理；在此基础上，试图重新解读在互联网影响下，地理邻近性、城市空间以及赛博空间对于文化创意经济生产过程的新内涵，丰富和发展创意产业理论，从而为国家建设“众创空间”和创意城市提供参考依据。

本项目聚焦创意威客的空间行为及其与城市创意空间生产的相互关系，通过大数据技术、时空间行为分析法、空间回归模型、社会访谈等技术和手段，分别选择南京市摄影工作者、设计创意公司，上海市创意企业、以及全国尺度的设计创意人才作为案例分析，深入研究了创意威客/企业空间行为模式、城市创意空间（环境）对创意威客区位行为的影响机理、创意威客的生产关系网络。主要在以下三个方面取得了创新突破：（1）从城市创意场域视角揭示了包括创意威客在内的创意人才流动机制，为深入理解创意人才的空间过程及其影响机理提供了理论支撑和详实的案例分析，为地方政府改善城市创意环境提供了参考依据，发展和丰富了城市舒适性理论。（2）构建了测度城市创意环境的空间模型——基于网格的地理加权回归模型（GWR），为定量分析城市建成环境的创意指数提供了方法。（3）揭示了创意活动的生产网络关系，探讨了地方化和全球化力量对创意生产者的影响机理，为创意产业园区建设提供了理论支撑。