养老机构失智老人疗愈性庭园设计导则：基于循证设计理念

In the background of accelerated aging of population, our country faces increased number of elderly people with dementia and the resulting health and welfare issues. Dementia people’s garden is an essential part of their living environment, and as one type of therapeutic landscapes, it has effects of health promoting, quality of life improving and self-esteem preserving, playing role of important supplement of medical care. At present stage in our country, the care and living environment of the elderly people with dementia are unable to meet the demand, and empirical research and design practice of their garden are deficient. Based on current situation of our country’s care facilities, this research proposes concept of evidence-based design, taking advantage of index from fields of human settlement science, medicine, nursing and psychology. Using methods of virtual reality, data analysis and multi-participation, it systematically studies garden’s therapeutic effects on dementia people and their subjective option from 3 aspects, which are body-mind health promotion, cognition-behavior improvement, and space utilization and preference. Based on the results of the quantitative research, it concludes design guidelines of the therapeutic garden for elderly people with dementia suiting for the care facilities in our country, making supplement and support for elderly people’s health and quality of their living environment.

随着我国社会老龄化加剧，面临着失智老人群体增多和由此产生的健康福祉问题。失智老人庭园是其居住生活环境的重要组成，而且作为康复景观的一种类型，具有改善缓解其健康状况、提高生活质量和维护自尊等作用，是医疗护理手段的重要补充。我国现阶段失智老人照护及居住已落后于实际需求，且尚无针对性庭园的实证研究与设计实践。本研究依据我国养老机构现状，提出循证设计理念，采用人居环境科学、医学、护理学及心理学等方面的研究指标，并运用虚拟现实、数理分析、多方参与等方法，从庭园的身心健康促进性、认知行为助益性、空间利用与偏好3方面系统研究庭园对失智老人的疗愈功能及老人对庭园的主观选择。基于定量研究成果，总结适合我国养老机构的失智老人疗愈性庭园设计导则，为我国老年人健康和居住环境品质提升提供补充和支撑。

随着我国社会老龄化加剧，面临着失智老人群体增多和由此产生的健康福祉问题。失智老人庭园是其居住生活环境的重要组成，而且作为康复景观的一种类型，具有改善缓解其健康状况、提高生活质量和维护自尊等作用，是医疗护理手段的重要补充。我国现阶段失智老人照护及居住已落后于实际需求，且尚无针对性庭园的实证研究与设计实践。本课题依据我国养老机构现状，提出循证设计理念，从庭园的身心健康促进性、认知行为助益性、空间利用与偏好3方面系统研究庭园对失智老人的疗愈功能及老人对庭园的主观选择。.通过研究，对风景园林实践的循证设计方法进行梳理与论述；对国外典型失智老人疗愈性庭园空间特征进行总结；从目的、依据与策略3方面总结失智老人疗愈性庭园设计原则；发现老年人群体对养老机构户外环境使用的现状特征；得出失智老人对养老机构户外空间的使用偏好特征；并且基于定量研究成果，总结适合我国养老机构的失智老人疗愈性庭园设计导则，为我国老年人健康和居住环境品质提升提供补充和支撑。.项目资助发表核心期刊论文2篇，其它期刊论文4篇，会议论文1篇，实用新型专利1项，待发表期刊论文2篇。项目投入经费28万元，已支出12.6981万元，9.4469万元将于2021年支出，各项支出基本与预算相符，剩余经费5.855万元。