光照诱导PRL选择性剪接调控鹅繁殖行为的分子机制

Prolactin (PRL) can affect poultry reproduction behavior by regulating their sensitivity to light, and is the key hormone that causes and maintains brooding. We found that there were at least two selective shear bodies (PRL-L/S) in the PRL gene of goose follicle, with PRL-S only detected during egg production period. Thus, it is speculated that the effect of light on PRL selective splicing may be closely related to reproductive behavior in geese. Through the analysis of PRL alternative splicing patterns and ovary function evaluation under different light conditions as well as the effects of PRL - L/S protein on reproductive behavior and brooding behavior rhythms in egg-laying goose and broody goose, this research will clarify the regulation mode of light on reproductive behavior in goose by PRL alternative splicing. In addition, the effects of PRL different splicing patterns on follicular development will be illustrated by researches on the binding competition mechanism of PRL - L/S and PRLR, PRLR downstream signaling pathways of JAK/STAT and Ras/Raf/MAP, autophagy and apoptosis of follicular granule cell. In this way, the molecular mechanism of light regulation of reproductive behavior in goose through PRL alternative splicing will be demonstrated. The results will provide theoretical support for the molecular mechanism of light regulation of reproduction and brooding behavior in goose and provide a new way for the breeding of geese through molecular design.

催乳素（PRL）可以通过调节禽类对光照的敏感性影响禽的繁殖行为，是引起和维持家禽就巢的关键激素。我们发现，鹅卵泡中PRL至少存在两个选择性剪切体（PRL-L/S），且PRL-S仅在产蛋期卵泡中表达，推测光照影响PRL选择性剪接可能与鹅的繁殖行为密切相关。本研究通过对不同光照条件下PRL选择性剪接模式分析及卵巢功能评估、PRL-L/S蛋白对产蛋和就巢鹅繁殖行为和就巢行为节律的影响，阐明光照通过PRL可变剪接对鹅繁殖行为的调控模式；通过PRL-L/S与PRLR竞争结合实验、JAK/STAT、Ras/Raf/MAP等信号通路的检测和验证、卵泡颗粒细胞自噬和凋亡水平分析，阐明PRL不同剪接模式对卵泡发育的影响。研究目标是解析光照诱导PRL可变剪接调控鹅繁殖行为的分子机制。研究成果将为最终揭示光照调控鹅繁殖和就巢行为的分子机制提供理论支持，为通过分子设计育种改良鹅品种提供新的途径。

禽类的繁殖周期以及繁殖行为受光照的调控，而催乳素（PRL）可以通过调节禽类对光照的敏感性来影响禽类的繁殖行为，是引起和维持家禽就巢的关键激素。本研究通过设置长光照组（15小时）和短光照组（9小时）对浙东白鹅进行人工光照管理饲养模式，发现长光照会诱导PRL选择性剪接产生PRL-L转录本，使其在生殖组织中表达和累积，同时诱导产生PRLR，PRL-L与PRLR的结合促进了卵泡的闭锁凋亡和卵巢的自噬萎缩，引起和维持浙东白鹅的就巢。而短光照组中，PRL-S转录本仅在短光照组的卵泡中表达，且PRLR的相对表达量较低，阻抑了PRL的作用，进而提高浙东白鹅的产蛋量，促进生长发育，增加鹅的采食频率，缩短就巢天数，达到提高浙东白鹅的繁殖性能的效果。