The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) is nearly 30% at 20 years after initial onset of disease. Up till now, there are few effective preventive measures. Additional efforts, therefore, are needed to find new preventive compounds with minimal toxicity. We employed a ulcerative colitis associated colorectal cancer mouse model and found that with the development of CRC, levels of galectin-3 (Gal-3) and toll like receptor 4 (TLR-4) gradually increased. The variation trends of these two molecules were similar. An apple oligogalactan (AOG) could bind to Gal-3 directly, down-regulate the expression of Gal-3 and TLR-4 in a dose dependent manner, and prevent tumorigenesis effectively. In order to explore the possible targets and preventive mechanisms of AOG, the ulcerative colitis associated colorectal cancer mouse model and Gal-3 high / low expression colon cancer cell lines are chosen, and the methods of Pharmacology and Molecular Biology are applied to, ① reveal the regulating effects of Gal-3 on TLR-4/NF-κB pathway; ② clarify the mechanisms by which Gal-3 affects TLR-4 function. These studies may provide another molecular basis for understanding how oligosaccharide compounds act to prevent CRC and lay the foundation for chemical preventive strategy of targeting Gal-3 and TLR-4.
溃疡性结肠炎(UC)病程超过20年,癌变率高达30%,目前缺少有效的预防措施。我们采用致癌剂-致炎剂复制出UC癌变小鼠模型,观察到Galectin-3 (Gal-3)与TLR-4表达量随癌变进程逐渐增加,两者变化趋势相似。提示Gal-3与TLR-4在UC癌变中发挥重要作用,两者存在一定联系;发现5-半乳寡糖醛酸(AOG)能与Gal-3结合,剂量依赖性地抑制肠粘膜Gal-3与TLR-4的表达,有效地预防UC癌变。为深入研究AOG抑制UC癌变的机制,本课题拟以UC癌变小鼠模型和Gal-3高/低表达的结肠癌细胞株作为研究对象,应用药理学与分子生物学相结合的方法,①揭示Gal-3对TLR-4/NF-κB通路的影响;②阐明AOG通过Gal-3调节TLR-4功能的机制。这些研究可以拓展对寡糖类化合物预防UC癌变作用分子机制的认识,还可为建立以Gal-3与TLR-4为靶点的UC癌变化学预防途径奠定基础。
溃疡性结肠炎(UC),反复发作、迁延不愈,容易癌变发生结直肠癌。目前,结直肠癌的治疗尚无根本性的突破,患者5年生存率不足50%。因此,预防UC癌变是从根本上降低结直肠癌死亡率的重要手段。本课题在前期研究的基础上,从苹果渣中提取得到5-半乳寡聚糖醛酸(AOG),采用UC癌变的ICR小鼠模型、裸鼠移植瘤模型,对其预防UC癌变及防治结直肠癌的作用进行深入系统的研究,从细胞和分子水平上揭示AOG防治UC癌变的机制,为发掘适合长期使用、无毒、无副作用的预防药物奠定了基础。. 本研究采用动物实验考察了AOG对UC癌变的ICR小鼠模型的影响,以及裸鼠移植瘤模型的结直肠癌防治效果。以添加了AOG的饲料喂养ICR小鼠12周后,测量其结肠重量与长度,探讨AOG对肠道功能的影响;采用H.E.染色观察小鼠肠道病理变化;采用激光共聚焦技术观察galectin-3 (gal-3) 与TLR-4的表达与定位。对裸鼠尾静脉注射AOG治疗后,测量移植瘤的体积与重量,分析用药效应;采用免疫组化法分析移植瘤的细胞增殖与凋亡情况。研究结果显示,①AOG能有效地预防小鼠结肠炎癌变。特别是小鼠用药3个月,未见任何毒性反应;②在炎症与肿瘤状态下,gal-3与TLR-4在肠道组织中表达特征相似;③AOG通过诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的途径有效地降低移植瘤的生长速度,缩小移植瘤的体积。. 细胞实验研究发现,AOG通过影响gal-3,TLR-4,与 IL-22的表达及功能抑制结肠癌细胞的增殖。① AOG可有效抑制脂多糖(LPS)刺激引起的结肠癌细胞HT-29与SW-620的COX-2表达以及PGE-2的分泌,其可能机制是AOG通过促进TLR-4从细胞膜转移到细胞质中,进而影响LPS/TLR-4/NF-κB/COX-2/PGE-2通路的活化;② 激光共聚焦结果显示:gal-3与TLR-4共表达于SW-620的细胞膜上;免疫共沉淀结果提示:gal-3与TLR-4存在着分子伴侣关系;使用RNA干扰手段观察到:下调gal-3的表达后,TLR-4的表达水平下降;而下调TLR-4的表达,gal-3的水平无明显变化。提示:gal-3可能辅助TLR-4的模式识别过程。③ AOG可通过调节IL-22,IL-22BP的表达与功能治疗结肠炎。. 综上所述,AOG对于UC癌变具有明显的防治效果,能够通过影响LPS/TLR-4
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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