我国布病防治基础研究发展战略

Brucellosis is a kind of infectious and allergic zoonosis caused by brucella, which takes great harm to the development of farming and animal husbandary. Though some basic research of brucellosis was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China in recent ten years, the field of brucellosis research falls far behind other subjects and diseases. At resent many key basic issues about the knowledge of brucellosis and the key technical matters about the prevention and control of brucellosis remain to be solved quickly. The first issue is the quick diagnosis and lab detecting technology applying to the affected animals and human. The second is the in-depth research on the structure, characters and function of burcella. The third is the regulatory treatment and screening of sensitive drugs. The fourth is the development and effect evaluation of low toxic and high effective vaccine against zoonotic brucellosis. In order to clarify the key issues which need to be solved quickly in the prevention and control of brucellosis in China, the development forum of the basic research on the prevention and control of brucellosis in China as well as the field survey in the typical affected areas are planed to be organized in this project. The project will provide basis for the formulating strategic plan of the basic research on the prevention and control of brucellosis. On the basis of this project the correlated research resources will be organized to focus on tackling key problems jointly. Thus the research level of the prevention and control of brucellosis in China will be promoted in short period, and the prevalence of brucellosis in China is expected to be controled effectively.

布氏菌病是由布氏菌属细菌侵入机体所引发的传染-变态反应性人兽共患的传染病，严重影响农牧区群众身体健康和农牧业经济发展。虽然近十年国家自然科学基金委员会已经支持了部分布鲁氏菌病相关的基础研究工作，但相较其他学科和病种仍明显落后，目前尚有许多布病认识的关键基础性问题以及布病防控的关键技术问题亟待解决，主要包括以下几个方面：一是患病牲畜及人体的快速诊断及实验室检测技术；二是对布鲁氏菌自身结构、性状、功能的深入研究；三是布病的规范治疗及对敏感药物的筛选；四是低毒高效人畜布病疫苗的研制及效果评价等。本项目拟通过对我国典型布病病区开展现场调研并召开国家布病防治基础研究发展战略高层研讨会，理清我国目前布病防治研究工作中急需解决的关键问题，为制定布病防治基础研究战略规划提供依据，以利于国家科学组织研究资源，集中开展联合攻关，短期内快速提升将我国布病防治研究的水平，以达到有效控制我国布病流行的目标。

本课题高质量地完成了项目申请书的计划内容。课题组赴通辽市、齐齐哈尔市、白城市等地对专业从事布鲁氏菌病（简称布病）防治研究的单位开展了现场调研工作。在呼和浩特市召开了布病防治基础研究发展战略研讨会，国家自然科学基金委员会医学科学部领导以及20余位来自全国科研院所、高等院校、疾病防治机构的专家学者参加了本次研讨会。专家们提出我国布鲁氏菌病防治基础研究亟需解决的科学技术问题有：1．要进一步明确布鲁氏菌致病的分子机制；2．要全面开展布鲁氏菌的鉴定分型工作；3．要深入开展布鲁氏菌病诊断技术的研究；4．要系统开展人用和畜用疫苗的研究。专家们对我国布鲁氏菌病防治基础研究提出以下建议：1. 加强宣传教育，实施健康促进；2. 建立合作平台，开展联合攻关；3. 进一步加强布鲁氏菌病基础研究；4. 重视防治技术研究，用于指导防治实践工作；5. 加大并保持布鲁氏菌病科研经费的投入。为有效控制我国布鲁氏菌病的严重流行，专家建议进一步加强部门合作，加大资金投入，在关键问题上开展深入研究。.本课题撰写了项目调研报告、会议纪要、会议综述以及内参等材料。