大气边界层气溶胶吸收谱特征光声光谱测量技术研究

The variability of aerosols absorptions values was very large due to its great spatial and temporal variability, therefore the measurement was an important and hard work. Airborne measurement has a unique advantage for understanding the vertical structure characterization of atmospheric aerosol, and is an important way for atmospheric research. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles for atmospheric research is rapidly growing. Their ease of deployment and high maneuverability allows them to sample areas otherwise inaccessible with conventional platforms, particularly within the planetary boundary layer of the troposphere. However, very few investigations of aerosol vertical distribution based on UAV platform was investigated in the international and in china, because of the lack of appropriate instrumentations. In the project, we will study a light weight and miniature aerosol absorption detection technique based on photoacoustic absorption spectroscopy. A multi-wavelength aerosol absorption spectrometer with lower power consumption based on photoacoustic absorption spectroscopy will be established, which sensitivity is 0.2 Mm-1, power consumption 5 W, weight 2 - 3 kg. It will provide an effective technical means for atmospheric aerosol optical characteristic research, and gives a comprehensive, accurate basic parameters for the atmospheric climate model.

气溶胶在大气中时空变化十分复杂，气溶胶吸收的数值变化范围很大，对它的测量是一项重要而有难度的工作。飞机探测对于了解大气气溶胶的垂直水平结构有着独特的优势，是大气研究的重要研究手段。近年来利用无人机开展边界层大气探测在国外受到广泛的关注，它具有易于部署和快速机动等优点，允许它们携带传统的手段到那些不可到达的地方进行取样或在线测量，特别是在对流层的边界层。但目前国际和国内利用无人机开展气溶胶垂直分布特征的研究较少，其主要原因就是缺乏有效的测量手段。本申请拟开展轻量化微型气溶胶吸收光声光谱测量技术研究，建立一套用于测量边界层大气气溶胶吸收谱特征的低功耗高灵敏度微型多波长光声光谱测量装置，灵敏度达到0.2Mm-1，功耗5W，重量2 ~ 3 kg，为进一步开展基于无人机平台的大气边界层气溶胶特性研究提供一种有效的技术手段，为大气气候模式研究提供更加全面、准确的基础参数。

项目针对大气边界层气溶胶吸收原位观测研究需求，采用光声光谱技术，开展气溶胶吸收的轻量化光声传感技术，以便发展无人机载气溶胶吸收光声光谱仪，开展大气边界层气溶胶吸收观测研究。针对项目研究目标和任务，项目首先采用仿真手段，从理论上仿真分析了光声池特性，为高性能、轻量化光声池的设计提供理了理论参考依据。其次，针对气溶胶吸收的多波长测量难题，创新性的提出了多通道光声光谱技术方案，解决气溶胶吸收的多波长同步测量难题。另外，开展了基于3D打印新技术的光声光谱技术研究，通过3D打印一体化光声池，实现光声系统高度集成和轻量化，满足无人机的载重要求。项目研究过程中，通过建立单波长气溶胶吸收光声光谱仪和多波长气溶胶吸收光声光谱仪，以及光声光谱标定系统，开展了大气气溶胶吸收的观测研究和燃油、秸秆等实验室燃烧生成气溶胶的吸收特性研究。项目研究为进一步开展大气边界层气溶胶打下了扎实的研究基础，已发表相关学术论文16篇，其中SCI 收录13篇（2篇为一区论文），多次在EGU等国际学术会议上进行了交流报告，申请专利2项。